Medicine in Islam explorer
Medicine Browser: Prophetic Medicine, Medicine, Anatomy, Surgery, Drugs and Treatment in Islam
Everything said and written about prophetic medicine, medicine, anatomy, surgery, drugs and the seeking of treatment in the museum's sources: the verses of healing, illness and the stages of human creation in the Qur'an; the reports of the Book of Medicine and the Book of the Sick in the two Sahihs, the Sunan and the Muwatta; the chapters on prophetic medicine in Zad al-Ma'ad; the reports of the Companions and the Successors on treatment, the care of the wounded and visiting the sick; passages of Ibn Sina's Canon, al-Razi's al-Hawi and Ibn al-Nafis's Commentary on the Anatomy of the Canon; and the records of physicians, hospitals, medical books, drugs and rulings — sourced records that grow as new texts land.
This build holds 2,052 records in 5 sections; the texts are drafts until a human reads them.
The browser's method
Every record here is an ordinary museum record, with its sources and its three-language prose. Medical texts are found at build time by a guarded lexicon over the passage texts, in the six topics of the title: prophetic medicine (cupping, cautery, ruqya, honey, black seed, costus, senna, talbina, truffles, 'ajwa dates, ithmid, ladud and sa'ut); medicine (the physician, illness and the sick, pain, fever, plague and epidemic, contagion, leprosy, named diseases, visiting the sick, the hospital); anatomy (the drop, the clot and the lump of flesh; the jugular vein, the aorta and the vessels; the joints; the organs); surgery (treating a wound, cauterising a vessel, venesection, circumcision, splints, bone-setting); drugs (the drug and the disease, poison and antidote, simples); and treatment (seeking treatment and cure, healing, treatment with what is forbidden). The ambiguous words are guarded: «في قلوبهم مرض» is left out; «الحمى» counts only as fever, never the protected pasture; «القسط» only in its drug compounds, never justice; «عسل» and «عجوة» only beside a medical word; «سم الخياط» is left out; the wound words count only with treatment, never with the legal compensation of wounds; and outside the Qur'an and the hadith reports a bare «مرض» or «شفاء» alone is not enough. Every book harvested later brings its medical texts here automatically when its passages land in the graph; curated records join through the tibb-browser tag with the tag of their topic. The museum describes what the sources say and attributes it; it gives no medical advice and no ruling.
The whole set is available at /api/v1/tibb.json
DraftWritten with AI help from the sources it cites, and not yet read by a human editor.
The browser's sections
The museum's records on medicine
The museum's curated records on medicine itself: prophetic medicine and its remedies; the physicians, men and women, from al-Harith ibn Kalada and Rufayda al-Aslamiyya to al-Razi, Ibn Sina, al-Zahrawi and Ibn al-Nafis; the hospitals; the medical books; anatomy, surgery and drugs; the plagues; and the rulings and fatwas on treatment.
- Enemas and suppositories while fasting
DrugsTreatment
A question about enemas and suppositories while fasting, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Department answered that enemas and suppositories in either passage break the fast, and that someone who needs them uses them, keep…
- Exchanging surplus medicines dispensed under health insurance
DrugsTreatment
A question from an employee left with surplus medicine dispensed under health insurance, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Department answered that the rules for dispensing medicine must be kept and the prescription not al…
- Fasting for people with diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease or ulcers
Treatment
A question about fasting for people with diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease or ulcers, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Department answered that someone wholly unable to fast breaks the fast and …
- Injections and intravenous drips while fasting
DrugsTreatment
A question about injections and intravenous drips while fasting, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Department answered that therapeutic skin and muscle injections do not break the fast, while nourishing intravenous drips d…
- Kidney dialysis while fasting in Ramadan
Treatment
A question about kidney dialysis while fasting in Ramadan, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Department answered that it breaks the fast, that the patient must make the day up, and that if he cannot, he pays the fidya. The…
- Rules for studying and practising obstetrics and gynaecology
Treatment
A question from a medical student on attending practical obstetrics and gynaecology classes, men specialising in the field, and patients being pressed to be examined before students, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Depar…
- A surgeon combining two prayers
SurgeryTreatment
A question on a doctor performing surgery that lasts several hours, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Department answered that he must pray on time where possible, but if that is impossible for fear for the patient he may …
- Surgery under anaesthesia while fasting
SurgeryTreatment
A question about surgery under anaesthesia while fasting, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Department answered that anaesthesia itself does not break the fast, provided the patient is not under it for the whole day, but t…
- Fasting after taking medicine to delay menstruation
DrugsTreatment
A question about a woman who took medicine to delay menstruation and fasted, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Department answered that her fast is valid, but that she is not advised to do so as there is no necessity, and …
- A patient using an inhaler during the day in Ramadan
DrugsTreatment
A question about a patient using an inhaler during the day in Ramadan, in which Jordan's General Iftaa Department answered that an inhaler through the nose or mouth breaks the fast; someone who needs it on some days uses…
- Does anaesthesia break ablution?
SurgeryTreatment
A question about a patient about to undergo surgery under anaesthesia, asking whether general or partial anaesthesia breaks his ablution; Dar al-Ifta al-Misriyya answered that both general and partial anaesthesia break a…
- Withholding a diagnosis from a patient for his own good
Treatment
A questioner says his sister's husband has cancer and that the doctor did not tell him his condition but told the questioner instead, fearing a rapid decline. Egypt's Dar al-Ifta, in a fatwa issued under Grand Mufti Nazi…
- Giving zakat to a needy divorced wife for her medical treatment
Treatment
A question about whether a zakat payer may give his zakat to his divorced wife so that she can have a necessary operation she cannot afford; Dar al-Ifta al-Misriyya answered that if the divorce is revocable the zakat doe…
- IIFA resolution 261 (6/26) on the effect of mental illness on legal capacity in Islamic law
Treatment
A collective resolution of the International Islamic Fiqh Academy at its twenty-sixth session in Doha, which defined legal capacity (ahliyya) as a person's fitness to bear rights and duties and for his acts to be valid, …
- IIFA resolution 264 (9/26) on feeding premature infants with milk from known and unknown donors
Treatment
A collective resolution of the International Islamic Fiqh Academy on feeding premature infants with donated breast milk, weighing the infant's need against the rules of milk kinship. The Academy reaffirmed its resolution…
- Joining two prayers because of the symptoms of a medical test
Treatment
A question from a patient about to undergo a small-intestine bacterial overgrowth test, in which he is given a sugar solution that may cause diarrhoea, cramps and gas for hours or a whole day; he asked whether it is esta…
- Rules for a male doctor examining and touching female patients
Treatment
A question about working in a medical profession that requires touching women without desire for the purpose of diagnosis, where female staff exist but the doctor cannot refuse to examine female patients because of the l…
- Medical experiments on human beings
AnatomyTreatment
A question on whether medical experiments on human beings are permitted and what their limits are. The IslamWeb fatwa centre's answer addressed the dissection of the dead: the sanctity of a Muslim remains after death, an…
- Al-Taysir: therapeutics and regimen
Medicine
Practical medical work including an animal report, with disputed composition story/printing counts.
- Kitab al-Masa'il al-Tabi'iyyaDraft
Medicine
Hunayn's book of natural questions composed for al-Wathiq's majlis.
- On the Science of the PulseDraft
Medicine
Avicenna's treatise On the Science of the Pulse, his medical tract on reading the pulse and its signs.
- Commentary on the Anatomy of the CanonDraft
Anatomy
Ibn al-Nafis's commentary on the anatomy passages of Ibn Sina's Canon. He gathers what Ibn Sina said in Books I and III into one place, and says in his preface that he relied on Galen for the shapes of the inner organs a…
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