"The five pillars of Islam" are the deeds on which Islam was built in the Prophet ﷺ's hadith narrated by Abdullah ibn Umar 1 2. In the version of al-Bukhari they are the testimony that there is no god but God and that Muhammad is God's Messenger, establishing the prayer, giving the zakat, the hajj, and the fast of Ramadan 1. Their order differs between versions: in one version in Ibn Khuzayma the fast of Ramadan precedes the pilgrimage to the House, and elsewhere in his book the hajj precedes the fast 2 3. In the first, Ibn Umar cites the hadith to a man who asked him about his not going on campaign 2.
The editor of the al-Bugha edition notes that Muslim recorded the hadith in the chapter "the pillars of Islam and its great supports", as number 16, and explains that these five deeds are to Islam as supports to a building, which cannot exist without them 1. Ibn Rajab makes it the third hadith of Jami' al-'Ulum wa-l-Hikam and states that al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded it in their Sahihs 4. He explains that Islam is likened to a building whose supports are these five, without which it does not stand, while the other traits of Islam complete it 5. Commenting on the hadith of Jibril, he divides these deeds into a deed of the tongue, the testimony; bodily deeds such as prayer and fasting; a deed of wealth, giving zakat; and one compounded of both, such as the hajj for someone far from Mecca 6.
This narrative was written with AI help from the sources it cites, and has not yet been read by a human editor.