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Grade 12 Science (SNC4M)

The Ontario Grade 12 Science course, code SNC4M, has six strands: Scientific Investigation Skills and Career Exploration, Medical Technologies, Pathogens and Disease, Nutritional Science, Science and Public Health Issues, and Biotechnology. The museum maps parts of all six strands.

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Draft: these lessons were written with AI help and have not yet been read by a human editor.

Strand A: Scientific Investigation Skills and Career Exploration

Investigation skills and career exploration (expectations A1 and A2). The museum maps one lesson: careers in medicine and the contributions of two physicians (A2).

  1. Physicians: training and contributions Careers in medicine and the training they need, and what scientists have contributed to the field, as the museum's records of physicians present them (A2.1, A2.2). CareersInvention × 2

Strand B: Medical Technologies

Medical technologies and therapies (expectations B1 to B3). The museum maps two lessons: surgical instruments and techniques described by al-Zahrawi, and two therapies the jurists' encyclopaedia records, cupping and honey.

  1. Surgeon's instruments and sutures Three medical devices and techniques described by al-Zahrawi, a scraper family, a drill and a suture material, with what each was used for (B3.3, B3.4). Invention × 3
  2. Two remedies: cupping and honey Two therapies the jurists' encyclopaedia records, cupping and honey, and the question of how one would assess whether a therapy works (B1.2). Reflection × 2

Strand C: Pathogens and Disease

Pathogens and the control of disease (expectations C1 to C3). The museum maps two lessons: how Ibn Sina set conditions for judging a drug's effect, and what the museum's records say about contagion and about entering or leaving a plague land.

  1. How do we know a drug works? Ibn Sina's seven conditions for judging a drug's effect, and what they ask an investigator to check (C2.2). Invention
  2. Contagion and the choices of individuals What the museum's records say about contagion, and about entering or leaving a land struck by plague, as a question of individual choice (C1.2, C3.5). Reflection × 2

Strand D: Nutritional Science

Nutrition, food and digestion (expectations D1 to D3). The museum maps one lesson: how illness and the grades of eating shape what a person eats, as the jurists' encyclopaedia records them.

  1. What a person eats: illness and the grades of eating How illness and need shape what a person eats, as the jurists' encyclopaedia records them under diet in illness and the grades of eating (D1.2, D3.3). Reflection × 2

Strand E: Science and Public Health Issues

Public health, past and present (expectations E1 to E3). The museum maps two lessons: three epidemics recorded in the histories, and the measures its records describe for protecting the public from plague.

  1. Epidemics in the histories Three epidemics recorded in the histories, the plague of Amwas, the Black Death in Tunis in 1349, and the smallpox years of 422 to 425, and what each source says it did (E3.2). Story × 3
  2. Protecting the public from epidemic disease Measures the museum's records describe for protecting the public from epidemic disease: the instruction at Sargh, the saying on entering and leaving, and the confinement of lepers in a caliph's hospital (E3.5). HadithReflectionInvention

Strand F: Biotechnology

Biotechnology and its issues (expectations F1 to F3). The museum maps one lesson: a fatwa on the use of plant-cloning techniques in food production, as an ethical and legal question (F1.2).

  1. Modified foods and cloned plants: who sets the limits? Two rulings on biotechnology in food, one on genetically modified foods of animal origin and one on cloning plant cells, and the social, ethical and legal question of where the limits lie (F1.1, F1.2). Reflection × 2

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