Sanaa palimpsest

رقوق صنعاء (النص السفلي)

Parchment palimpsest found in 1972 in the Great Mosque of Sanaa; its lower Qur'anic layer is among the oldest surviving mushaf text, with variants studied academically.

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Scripture and its sciences

Overview

Parchments of Sana'a discovered in 1972 in the Great Mosque; they carry a lower Qur'anic text, one of the oldest surviving remnants of Qur'an copies, with variations of order and wording that academic research studies. 1

People and things also explored

The abjad letters named for Madyan's kings· The seven ahruf· Hadith· Shama'il Muhammadiyya· The Prophetic sira· Command, prohibition and capacity· Bid'a (religious innovation)· Sacred hadith (hadith qudsi)

Sources

  1. Wikidata
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Sanaa palimpsest”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/object/ruquq-sanaa/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-18.

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Objects

Manuscripts, art, architecture and relics from collections worldwide.
Related

The abjad letters named for Madyan's kings

al-Mas'udi's etymology of the abjad numeral letters — the 29 letters of the abjad order named after six kings of Shu'ayb's people: Abjad of Mecca and the Hijaz, Hawwaz and Hutti of Wajj (the Ta'if and Najd lands), and Kalamn, Sa'fas and Qursht of Madyan or Egypt.