Sultan al-Zahir Jaqmaq
السلطان الظاهر جقمق
c. 9 February 1453 CE · 3 Safar 857 AH
Tenth Circassian sultan (842-857): took power after the three-month reign of Barsbay's son, campaigned vainly at Rhodes, restored the pilgrim works at Ayn Hunayn and Mina's Khayf mosque, and — 'no king of Egypt in the Ayyubid or Turkish state matched his piety' — abdicated to his son, dying twelve days later at eighty 1.
At a glance
- Era
- The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era
- Review
- Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it
Life in time
Overview
Al-Zahir Abu Sa'id Jaqmaq ibn Abdallah al-Ala'i al-Zahiri, sultan of Egypt, Syria and the Hijaz. He is the thirty-fourth of the kings of the Turks and the tenth of the Circassians. He was made sultan in 842 AH after the deposition of al-Malik al-Aziz ibn Barsbay. 2
His sultanate
Ibn al-Imad says in Shadharat al-Dhahab that he raided Rhodes without conquering it, and that he built mosques, congregational mosques, bridges and causeways, repaired the spring of Hunayn, rebuilt the mosque of al-Khayf in Mina, and renewed places in the Sacred Precinct. 2
The author describes him as a lover of orphans, scholars and the righteous, and says that no one among the kings of Egypt is known to match his chastity and worship. This is the author's judgement, not the judgement of the museum. 2
His deposition and death
He fell ill at the end of Dhu al-Hijja 856 AH, deposed himself in Muharram 857 AH, and had his son al-Mansur Uthman made sultan. He died twelve days later at over eighty years of age, after a sultanate of fourteen years and ten months. Forty days later al-Mansur was deposed and al-Ashraf Inal took the throne. 2
The date of death (3 Safar 857 AH) is derived and converted to the Gregorian calendar, and needs an additional source.
Connections
- Ruler of
- Cairo
People and things also explored
Al-Azhar Mosque· The Dar al-Hikma of Cairo· The battle of the Sudan between the two palaces· Sultan Qansuh al-Ghawri· الموفق ابن الخلال· الجامع الأزهر· Al-Zahir Baybars· Saladin: The Conqueror of Jerusalem
Sources
- Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali, p. 299-300
- Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali, p.299-300
Cite this page
islam.museum contributors. “Sultan al-Zahir Jaqmaq”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/jaqmaq-al-zahiri/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-17.