Uyun al-Taff (the Taff Springs)

عيون الطف

Springs on the Sawad's fringe — Ayn al-Sayd, al-Qutqutana, al-Ruhayma, Ayn Jamal and their sisters; in al-Baladhuri they belonged to the holders of the frontier posts beyond the Sawad, being the springs of Sabur's trench dug between him and the Arabs manning its posts — Sabur having granted them the land, worked without kharaj. At Dhu Qar the Arabs took some springs; the Persians kept some, then plugged most on fleeing the Muslim advance on al-Hira; what the Arabs kept they cultivated tithe-free, and the spring-lands abandoned after al-Qadisiyya and al-Mada'in were given to the Muslims who granted them likewise as ushri. Uyun al-Taff's revenues ran with Medina's crown lands and Najd villages to Medina's officials until Ishaq ibn Ibrahim ibn Mus'ab took the Sawad for al-Mutawakkil, annexed them, farmed their ushr and made them Sawadi — as they remain; he also dug 'Islamic springs' of the same dispensation.

Depth

At a glance

Era
Pre-Islamic Arabia · The Rashidun Caliphate · The Umayyad Period · The Early Abbasid Caliphate
Region
Levant & Iraq
Review
Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it

Overview

The Springs of al-Taff are springs on the edges of al-Sawad, among them the Spring of the Hunt, al-Qatqatana, al-Rahima and the Spring of the Camel. In al-Baladhuri's account they belonged to those charged with the posts behind al-Sawad, and they are the springs of the Sabur Ditch. 1

Land and tax

Al-Baladhuri mentions that Sabur granted the Arabs assigned to the posts of the ditch the land of these springs, and they cultivated it without kharaj. Then the Arabs prevailed over part of them on the day of Dhi Qar, and part remained in the hands of the non-Arabs (a'ajim). When the Muslims came to al-Hira, the non-Arabs fled after filling in most of what was in their hands. The Arabs embraced Islam on what remained in their hands, so the land they cultivated became subject to the tithe (ushr). 1

After al-Qadisiyya and al-Mada'in, the Muslims were granted the lands which its people had left among those springs, and they became subject to the tithe likewise. Their charity went to the agents of Medina. 2

In the Abbasid era

Al-Baladhuri relates that when Ishaq ibn Ibrahim ibn Mus'ab was appointed over al-Sawad for al-Mutawakkil, he added these springs to what he held, took charge of their tithe-collection, and made them sawadiyya, and they remained so until his time. He mentions that he extracted Islamic springs, which flowed in their course. 2

Sources

  1. Futuh al-Buldan — al-Baladhuri (Mu'assasat al-Ma'arif edition), p.419
  2. Futuh al-Buldan — al-Baladhuri (Mu'assasat al-Ma'arif edition), p.420
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Uyun al-Taff (the Taff Springs)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/place/uyun-al-taff/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-17.

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