Was Mu'awiya a scribe of the revelation?

هل كان معاوية من كتّاب الوحي؟

Al-Hilli rejected calling Mu'awiya a scribe of the revelation, saying he never wrote a word of it, and that on the day of the conquest of Mecca he was in Yemen reviling the Prophet ﷺ and taunting his father in verse for embracing Islam; Ibn Taymiyya replied that this was a claim without proof, that the verses were forged in Mu'awiya's name, and that many who had been hostile to the Prophet became sincere Muslims.

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Contested: This record includes matters on which scholars differ. The speaker's views are labelled as his, and other views are marked where no cited source yet exists.

Sects and schoolsPolitics, governance and authority

Summary

One of the points argued between Ibn al-Mutahhar al-Hilli and Ibn Taymiyya is whether Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan should be called a "scribe of the revelation". Al-Hilli denies it; Ibn Taymiyya replies that the denial has no proof. 1

Al-Hilli's statement

In Ibn Taymiyya's quotation al-Hilli says that the Sunnis called Mu'awiya a scribe of the revelation although he never wrote a single word of it for the Prophet. The scribes of the revelation, he says, numbered ten and some, and the closest and most particular of them to the Prophet was Ali. 1 He adds that on the day Mecca was conquered Mu'awiya was in Yemen reviling the Prophet, and that he wrote verses to his father Sakhr ibn Harb, that is Abu Sufyan, taunting him for embracing Islam. 2

Ibn Taymiyya's answer

Ibn Taymiyya says this is a claim made without proof or knowledge. What evidence is there, he asks, that Mu'awiya wrote not a single word of revelation and only wrote letters for the Prophet? There is no doubt, he adds, that Ali also wrote for the Prophet, as when he wrote the truce between him and the polytheists. 1

He notes that all people were unbelievers before they believed, and that some had been more hostile to the Prophet than Mu'awiya and then embraced Islam and became good Muslims. One was the Prophet's cousin Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith (may God be pleased with him) ibn Abd al-Muttalib, who had satirised him before Islam. He also notes that Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and his wife Hind had been bitterly hostile until Hind embraced Islam and told the Prophet, in the report al-Bukhari gives, how her hatred had turned to love. 2 He holds that the verses ascribed to Mu'awiya are certainly a lie against him. They mention al-Uzza, but after the conquest the people embraced Islam and the Prophet sent Khalid ibn al-Walid to destroy al-Uzza, so neither al-Uzza nor anyone to blame others for abandoning her remained. 3

Not covered here

The reports of the Prophet's scribes in the sira and hadith books, the hadith scholars' statements on whether Mu'awiya's writing is established, Imami sources taken directly and academic readings have not yet been added. See who was Mu'awiya.

Opinions on the question

First opinion · Sunni tradition (the museum's frame) · Sunni (Hanbali)Main reference

Held by: Ibn Taymiyya

Basis: Minhaj al-Sunna al-Nabawiyya, vol. 2, al-Matba'a al-Kubra al-Amiriyya, Bulaq, 1321 AH

More opinions (1)

People and things also explored

The diwan manifesto impugning the Ubaydid genealogy· Did the Prophet point to Abu Bakr as his successor?· Do prophets leave an inheritance? Fatima's claim between al-Hilli and Ibn Taymiyya· Does the hadith of Ghadir designate Ali as imam?· Does the hadith 'You are to me as Aaron was to Moses' designate Ali as successor?· How should Yazid ibn Mu'awiya be judged?· Is the imamate the most important matter of religion?· Should Abu Bakr have punished Khalid ibn al-Walid for killing Malik ibn Nuwayra?

Sources

  1. Minhaj al-Sunna al-Nabawiyya, vol. 2, al-Matba'a al-Kubra al-Amiriyya, Bulaq, 1321 AH , p. 219
  2. Minhaj al-Sunna al-Nabawiyya, vol. 2, al-Matba'a al-Kubra al-Amiriyya, Bulaq, 1321 AH , p. 220
  3. Minhaj al-Sunna al-Nabawiyya, vol. 2, al-Matba'a al-Kubra al-Amiriyya, Bulaq, 1321 AH , p. 221
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Was Mu'awiya a scribe of the revelation?”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/questions/was-muawiya-a-scribe-of-the-revelation/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-11-06.

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The diwan manifesto impugning the Ubaydid genealogy

In 444 manifestos were drawn up at the diwan recounting Egypt's ruler and his forebears in terms impugning the genealogy they claim — denying their descent from the Prophet through Ali and Fatima, attributing them instead to the Daysaniyya of the Magians and the Qaddahiyya of the Jews, and declaring them outside Islam, as had been done in al-Qadir's days — and the signatures of the ashraf, qadis, witnesses and scholars were taken upon it.