Is facing the qibla when relieving oneself forbidden everywhere?

In the Sunan, Abu Dawud gives a chapter on the dislike of facing the qibla when relieving oneself, followed by a chapter on the permission to do so; in his commentary al-Khattabi brings the two chapters together and relates the two views on them. ^{2 3}

• Salman: he was told, "Your Prophet has taught you everything, even how to relieve yourselves!" He said, "Yes: he forbade us to face the qibla when defecating or urinating, to cleanse ourselves with the right hand, or to cleanse ourselves with fewer than three stones." ⁴
• Abu Hurayra: "I am to you like a father teaching you: when one of you goes to relieve himself, let him neither face the qibla nor turn his back to it." ⁵ Al-Khattabi calls this a word of ease and reassurance, so that they would not be shy of asking him, as a child is not shy of asking his father. ⁵
• Abu Ayyub: "When you go to relieve yourselves, do not face the qibla… but face east or west." He said: we came to Syria and found latrines built facing the qibla, and we would turn away from it and ask God's forgiveness. ⁶ Al-Khattabi says "face east or west" is addressed to the people of Medina and those whose qibla lies in the same direction; those whose qibla lies east or west do not turn east or west. ⁵
• The report of Ma'qil al-Asadi mentions "the two qiblas", which al-Khattabi explains as the Ka'ba and Jerusalem; the prohibition may be because whoever faces Jerusalem from Medina turns his back on the Ka'ba, or out of respect for Jerusalem as a former qibla. ⁷ (The text of this report is garbled in the machine-read scan; the footnote has been relied on.)

• Marwan al-Asfar: he saw Ibn 'Umar make his camel kneel facing the qibla and then sit urinating towards it; asked about it, he said, "That was forbidden only in open country; if there is something between you and the qibla that screens you, there is no harm." ³
• Ibn 'Umar: he climbed onto the roof of the house and saw the Prophet on two bricks facing Jerusalem while relieving himself. ⁸
• Jabir ibn 'Abd Allah: the Prophet forbade us to face the qibla when urinating, then I saw him facing it a year before he died; the annotator quotes al-Tirmidhi calling it hasan gharib. ⁸

Al-Khattabi does not give here the views of Abu Hanifa and Ahmad or their distinction between facing and turning one's back; these are to be added from their schools' books.