Abu Bakr al-Siddiq is Abd Allah ibn Uthman ibn Amir, of Taym of Quraysh, the Prophet ﷺ's companion in the cave and the emigration and the caliph after him, as entry 3067 of Ibn al-Athir's Usd al-Ghaba has it 1. He was called "Atiq", for disputed reasons: his handsome face, a lineage with nothing to fault, or the Prophet's words to him: "You are God's freed man from the Fire" 2. He was called "al-Siddiq" because he affirmed the Prophet's report of the Night Journey 2. By Ibn al-Athir's account he was among the chiefs of Quraysh before Islam and hastened to Islam when it came 2.
The Encyclopaedia of Islam notes that the Prophet had him lead the pilgrimage of 9 AH and the public prayers during his last illness 3. Ibn al-Athir places the pledge to Abu Bakr at the Saqifa of Banu Sa'ida the day the Prophet died, Umar ibn al-Khattab pledging first, and the general pledge the next day; he says Ali, Banu Hashim, al-Zubayr, Khalid ibn Sa'id and Sa'd ibn Ubada held back, and that all but Sa'd pledged after Fatima's death, after six months "on the sound view", though other accounts exist 4. The Encyclopaedia says his caliphate, just over two years, was largely occupied by the Ridda wars, and that he then sent Khalid ibn al-Walid towards Iraq, for it the start of the great conquests 3 5. He died in Jumada al-Akhira 13 AH (August 634 CE), aged sixty-three, and Umar prayed over him 6; he was buried beside the Prophet 5.
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