Guaranteed loan (ariya madmuna)
العارية المضمونة
A legal principle of property liability established in prophetic tradition when the Prophet borrowed one hundred coats of mail from Safwan ibn Umayya before Hunayn, assuring him: 'Not by force, but a guaranteed loan to be returned.'
At a glance
- Era
- The Prophetic Era
- Region
- Arabia
- Review
- Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it
Summary
A juristic and legal concept in Islamic law concerning the guarantee of borrowed property; the Prophet established it before the Hunayn expedition when he borrowed weapons from Safwan ibn Umayya 1.
The historical origin
When the Prophet resolved to set out for Hunayn, word reached him that Safwan ibn Umayya had weapons and mail; he sent asking for them: "Abu Umayya, lend us these weapons of yours to meet our enemy tomorrow." Safwan said: "By force, Muhammad?" He said: "Rather a guaranteed loan until we return it to you." So he lent him a hundred coats of mail with their weapons 1.
This incident became a settled foundation for Muslim jurists in distinguishing seizure from loan, and in the obligation to guarantee what is borrowed if it is lost or damaged 1.
For young visitors
The Prophet asked a man in Mecca for weapons and armour as a loan, and assured him he was not taking them by force but would return them safe or compensate him — teaching people honesty and keeping others' rights.
Connections
- Based on
- The Battle of Hunayn
People and things also explored
Prohibition of killing women, children and non-combatant labourers in warThe distribution of Hunayn spoils at al-Ji'ranaThe Conquest of Mecca (Fath Makka)The expedition to AwtasThe Hawazin delegation and the amnesty of captivesThe Dhat Anwat incidentThe Prophet's speech to the Ansar at al-Ji'ranaThe siege of Ta'if
Sources
- al-Sira al-Nabawiyya — Ibn Hisham, al-Saqqa edition (1355/1936), 4/84
Cite this page
islam.museum contributors. “Guaranteed loan (ariya madmuna)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/ariya-madmuna/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-12.