The ten promised Paradise
العشرة المبشرون بالجنة
The ten Companions whom the Prophet named and gave the good news of Paradise, to whom al-Tahawi bears witness: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Talha, al-Zubayr, Sa'd, Sa'id, Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf and Abu Ubayda.
At a glance
- Era
- Abbasid Fragmentation
- Region
- Global / Diaspora
- Review
- Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it
Summary
Al-Tahawi says: "The ten whom the Messenger of God named and gave glad tidings of Paradise — we testify Paradise for them, as the Messenger of God testified for them, and his word is truth" 1; he names them Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Talha, al-Zubayr, Sa'd, Sa'id, Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf and Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah, describing Abu Ubayda as "the trustee of this umma" 2.
The names
Note
In Ibn Qudama al-Maqdisi's Lum'at al-I'tiqad
Ibn Qudama says: "We testify Paradise for the ten, as the Prophet testified for them", then names them: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Talha, al-Zubayr, Sa'd, Sa'id, Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf and Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah 4. Then: "Whoever the Prophet testified Paradise for, we testify it for him" — mentioning al-Hasan, al-Husayn and Thabit ibn Qays 5.
In Ibn Taymiyya's al-'Aqida al-Wasitiyya
Ibn Taymiyya says: "They testify Paradise for whoever the Messenger of God testified it for — the ten, Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas, and others of the Companions" 6. Before that he mentions that they believe God said to the people of Badr: "Do as you will, for I have forgiven you", and that "no one who pledged under the tree enters the Fire", as the Prophet reported 6.
What is not covered here
This entry presents the positions of the 'Aqida al-Tahawiyya, Ibn Qudama's Lum'at al-I'tiqad and Ibn Taymiyya's al-Wasitiyya — each attributed to its book. The sayings of the Ash'aris, Maturidis and the remaining Sunni and non-Sunni schools from their own books have not yet been added; the entry needs specialist review before promotion.
Opinions on the question
The question: Is testimony of Paradise given for the ten, and on what basis for others?
First opinion · Sunni tradition (the museum's frame) · Sunni (Hanafi)Main reference
Testimony of Paradise for the ten on what the Prophet testified for them
Held by: Abu Ja'far al-Tahawial-Aqida al-Tahawiyya (the Tahawi creed)
Basis: al-Aqida al-Tahawiyya, Dar Ibn Hazm 1995 article 124, pp. 29 and 30
More opinions (2)
Sunni tradition (the museum's frame) · Sunni (Hanbali)Main reference
Testimony for the ten and for anyone the Prophet testified for, with no certainty for others
Held by: Ibn Qudama al-MaqdisiLum'at al-I'tiqad
Basis: Lum'at al-I'tiqad, Ibn Qudama al-Maqdisi (al-Maktab al-Islami) pp. 38 and 39
Sunni tradition (the museum's frame) · Sunni (Hanbali)Main reference
Testifying to Paradise for those the Prophet testified for, like the ten and Thabit ibn Qays
Held by: Ibn Taymiyyaal-Aqida al-Wasitiyya
Basis: al-Aqida al-Wasitiyya, Ibn Taymiyya (al-Matba'a al-Salafiyya) p. 24
People and things also explored
The people of the qibla and not declaring takfir for sinThe hereafter: the grave, resurrection and reckoningSigns of the HourBid'a (religious innovation)Love of the Companions and how to speak of them (in the Tahawi creed)The sanctity of a Muslim's bloodIhsan (excellence in worship)Iman (faith)
Sources
- al-Aqida al-Tahawiyya, Dar Ibn Hazm 1995, p. 29
- al-Aqida al-Tahawiyya, Dar Ibn Hazm 1995, p. 30
- al-Aqida al-Tahawiyya, Dar Ibn Hazm 1995, p. 21
- Lum'at al-I'tiqad, Ibn Qudama al-Maqdisi (al-Maktab al-Islami), p. 38
- Lum'at al-I'tiqad, Ibn Qudama al-Maqdisi (al-Maktab al-Islami), p. 39
- al-Aqida al-Wasitiyya, Ibn Taymiyya (al-Matba'a al-Salafiyya), p. 24
Cite this page
islam.museum contributors. “The ten promised Paradise”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/ashara-mubashshara/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed 2026-10-12.