Civil wars and revolts
Family: War, peace and the conduct of conflict · 9 entries
Entries on this theme
Person
Amr ibn al-As
c. 573 CEA Meccan diplomat who opposed the Muslims until 629–630, then converted and became the commander who conquered Egypt — and later Mu'awiya's chief ally in the first civil war.Uthman ibn Affan
c. 576 CEThird caliph (644–656); the early community married him to two of the Prophet's daughters in succession. Under him the Qur'an was standardized into a single recension; he was killed by rebels in Medina, opening the first civil war.al-Aswad al-Ansi
c. 580 CEAbhala ibn Ka'b, called al-Aswad 'the veiled one' — a soothsayer of Yemen who claimed prophecy, seized San'a and much of Yemen for a few weeks, and was cut down by the Persian colony that had first served him.Musaylima
c. 580 CEChief and religious claimant of Banu Hanifa in Yamama who preached a parallel prophecy to Muhammad's and exchanged letters with him — killed at Yamama in the bloodiest battle of the Ridda wars.Sajah bint al-Harith
c. 590 CEA woman of Tamim by her father and Taghib by her mother who claimed prophecy in rhymed speech, marched an army toward Medina, then turned to Yamama and joined Musaylima — before returning to Islam and living into the caliphate.Tulayha ibn Khuwaylid
c. 590 CEWar-chief of Banu Asad who claimed prophecy at the Prophet's death, was broken by Khalid at Buzakha, fled to Syria — then returned, became a Muslim, and fought in the conquests he had once stood against.Hasan ibn Ali
c. March 625 CE · c. Ramadan 3 AHElder grandson of the Prophet through Fatima and Ali; briefly caliph in 661 CE before abdicating in favor of Muawiya, an act understood differently across the traditions.Husayn ibn Ali
c. January 626 CE · c. Rabi' I 4 AHYounger grandson of the Prophet through Fatima and Ali; killed at Karbala in 680 CE after refusing allegiance to Yazid I, an event of lasting significance especially in Shia tradition.Zaynab bint Ali
c. 626 CE · c. 5 AH†Granddaughter of the Prophet through Fatima and Ali; a survivor of Karbala whose accounts and defiance made her a central voice of her family in tradition.
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