خاندان: · 46 اندراجات
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عمرو بن العاص
تقریباً 573 عیسویA Meccan diplomat who opposed the Muslims until 629–630, then converted and became the commander who conquered Egypt — and later Mu'awiya's chief ally in the first civil war.عثمان بن عفان
تقریباً 576 عیسویThird caliph (644–656); the early community married him to two of the Prophet's daughters in succession. Under him the Qur'an was standardized into a single recension; he was killed by rebels in Medina, opening the first civil war.الأسود العنسي
تقریباً 580 عیسویAbhala ibn Ka'b, called al-Aswad 'the veiled one' — a soothsayer of Yemen who claimed prophecy, seized San'a and much of Yemen for a few weeks, and was cut down by the Persian colony that had first served him.مسيلمة
تقریباً 580 عیسویChief and religious claimant of Banu Hanifa in Yamama who preached a parallel prophecy to Muhammad's and exchanged letters with him — killed at Yamama in the bloodiest battle of the Ridda wars.سجاح بنت الحارث
تقریباً 590 عیسویA woman of Tamim by her father and Taghib by her mother who claimed prophecy in rhymed speech, marched an army toward Medina, then turned to Yamama and joined Musaylima — before returning to Islam and living into the caliphate.طليحة بن خويلد
تقریباً 590 عیسویWar-chief of Banu Asad who claimed prophecy at the Prophet's death, was broken by Khalid at Buzakha, fled to Syria — then returned, became a Muslim, and fought in the conquests he had once stood against.الحسن بن علي
تقریباً مارچ 625 عیسوی · تقریباً رمضان 3 ھElder grandson of the Prophet through Fatima and Ali; briefly caliph in 661 CE before abdicating in favor of Muawiya, an act understood differently across the traditions.الحسين بن علي
تقریباً جنوری 626 عیسوی · تقریباً ربیع الاول 4 ھYounger grandson of the Prophet through Fatima and Ali; killed at Karbala in 680 CE after refusing allegiance to Yazid I, an event of lasting significance especially in Shia tradition.زينب بنت علي
تقریباً 626 عیسوی · تقریباً 5 ھ†Granddaughter of the Prophet through Fatima and Ali; a survivor of Karbala whose accounts and defiance made her a central voice of her family in tradition.الغرور بن المنذر
Of the Lakhmid house of al-Hira; after the Prophet's death those of Abd al-Qays who had converted reverted with him, and al-Jarud rose to call them back to Islam. Al-Suhayli, as the editors report, says his name was al-Mundhir and that he was called al-Gharur, the deceiver, because he deceived his people on the day of the ridda war.الحسن بن القاسم العلوي
An Alid missionary (da'i) descended from al-Hasan ibn Ali, killed in Tabaristan by Asfar.علي بن زيد العلوي
An Alid who rose in Kufa in 255 AH together with Isa ibn Ja'far al-Alawi. Al-Mu'tazz sent Sa'id ibn Salih al-Hajib against them, and the two Alids were defeated as their followers scattered.محمد بن الواثق
An Abbasid prince, son of al-Wathiq. When al-Mu'tazz was brought before the court, Muhammad ibn al-Wathiq rose and embraced him and they sat together on the throne, in the context of al-Mu'tazz's deposition.
واقعہ
ارتداد مسيلمة وادعاؤه النبوة باليمامة
تقریباً 631 عیسوی · تقریباً 9 ھWhen the Banu Hanifa delegation returned to al-Yamama, Musaylima apostatised and claimed prophethood, saying he had been made a partner in the matter with Muhammad and citing the Prophet's words that he was 'not the worst placed of you'. He produced rhymed sayings imitating the Qur'an, permitted wine and fornication and lifted the prayer, while still testifying that Muhammad was a prophet, and Hanifa rallied to him. Ibn Ishaq has it from a shaykh of Banu Hanifa and adds: God knows best which account is true.ارتداد عمرو بن معدي كرب بعد وفاة النبي
632 عیسوی · 11 ھAmr ibn Ma'dikarib stayed among Banu Zubayd under Farwa ibn Musayk; when the Prophet died he apostatised and said two verses disparaging Farwa's rule, calling him Abu Umayr. He was later captured in the ridda and returned to Islam, as Ibn Hajar reports from Sayf.كلمة سهيل بن عمرو بمكة عند وفاة النبي
تقریباً 8 جون 632 عیسوی · تقریباً ربیع الاول 11 ھWhen the Prophet died most people of Mecca meant to renounce Islam; Attab ibn Usayd, its governor, hid; then Suhayl ibn Amr stood, praised God, named the Prophet's death and said it had only increased Islam in strength, and whoever doubted them they would strike his neck; the people drew back and Attab reappeared.خروج قارن بخراسان (32هـ)
تقریباً 653 عیسوی · 32 ھQarin's rising in Khurasan (AH 32): forty thousand from Tabasayn, Badghis, Herat and Quhistan — against them Abdallah ibn Khazim marched with four thousand, wrapping spearheads in oiled cotton and firing them in a midnight feint until the host broke; the ruse won him Ibn Amir's confirmation over all Khurasan.خبر الخرّيت بن راشد وبني ناجية
658 عیسوی · 38 ھThe Najid Khariji who walked out on Ali after Nahrawan — 'your man's imamate and your conduct alike displease me; I side with those who call for shura'. His night-battle with Ziyad ibn Khasafa bent swords and hamstrung horses; he drew the Banu Najiya and Ahwazi tax-resisters around him until Ma'qil ibn Qays's four-thousand-man expedition demanded 'ten for every one of them'.سرية بسر بن أبي أرطاة إلى الحجاز واليمن
660 عیسوی · 40 ھMu'awiya's terror-raid of 40: Busr ibn Abi Artat entered Medina unopposed, mounted the minbar and mocked the Ansar clans by name — 'had Mu'awiya not bound me I would leave no grown man' — forced bay'a at Mecca, then in Yemen killed the governor and butchered Ubaydallah ibn al-Abbas's two small boys over a Kinani protector who died shielding them, while their mother went mad with grief. Ali's counter-column under Jariya ibn Qudama chased Busr to Mecca and took Medina's bay'a for al-Hasan.قيام بلاي بأشتوريش
تقریباً 718 عیسوی · تقریباً 98 ھPelayo's revolt in Asturias: the hostage who fled Cordoba in 98 AH and rallied the Christians of Galicia-Asturias, and al-Razi's account of the rock where thirty men and ten women survived on wild honey until the Muslims despaired — 'what can thirty infidels do?' — the seed from which the northern kingdoms grew.فتنة الربض بقرطبة
تقریباً 818 عیسوی · تقریباً 202 ھThe famous revolt of the Rabbaḍ of Cordoba under al-Hakam ibn Hisham: the scholars of learning and piety — Yahya ibn Yahya al-Laythi, Malik's companion and Muwatta transmitter, the faqih Talut and others — rose against him, deposed him and gave bay'a to a kinsman; al-Hakam crushed them, demolished their houses and mosques, and the exiles went to Fez and Alexandria — where they revolted again until Abdallah ibn Tahir expelled them to Crete, which they held until the Franks took it.وقعة وادي سليطة (نحو 240هـ)
تقریباً 854 عیسوی · تقریباً 240 ھThe Wadi Salit (Guazalete) massacre: when rebel Toledo sought the kings of Galicia and the Basques against the emir Muhammad I, he ambushed their host on the river south of Toledo and left twenty thousand dead.فتنة الشيعة والسنة بواسط
1015 عیسوی · 406 ھ406–407: Wasit's confessional war burned out the Shi'i and Zaydi quarters and drove their notables and Alawids into exile — they fled to Banu Mazyad begging his aid, an early sign of the Mazyadids' rise as patrons of the Alawids.ملك ابن غانية بجاية
تقریباً نومبر 1184 عیسوی · شوال 580 ھSha'ban 580: hearing of Yusuf ibn Abd al-Mu'min's death, Ali 'Ibn Ghaniya' of Majorca sailed twenty vessels into Béjaïa's roadstead — two hundred mounted Mulaththamun and four thousand foot took the governor-less city without a fight; the Banu Hammad remnant flocked in, the returning governor's own thousand Arabs defected at first contact, and only Constantine held out until an Almohad army of twenty thousand horse and a great fleet lifted it in Safar 581, driving the brothers to Ifriqiya.ملك علي بن غانية بلاد إفريقية
تقریباً 1185 عیسوی · 581 ھالفتنة بين التركمان والأكراد
تقریباً 1185 عیسوی · 581 ھعصيان المهدية على الموحدين
1198 عیسوی · 594 ھThe Almohad field-commander Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim — terror of the Arabs of Ifriqiya — fell out with the vizier Abu Sa'id ibn Umar Inti over the Banu Awf captives, seized Mahdiyya, ransomed the governor for twelve thousand dinars, and allied with Ibn Ghaniya; when al-Mansur died, the new caliph Muhammad al-Nasir's sea and land armies came, Ibn Ghaniya fled to the desert, and Ibn Abd al-Karim answered the fleet: 'I obey the Commander of the Faithful Muhammad — I will only hand it to whom he sends'.الحرب بين أميري مكة والمدينة
1205 عیسوی · 601 ھ601: the Husaynid amirs of the two sanctuaries went to war — Qatada of Mecca marched to besiege Medina; Salim ibn Qasim prayed at the Prophet's tomb and supplicated, then met him at Dhu al-Hulayfa and routed him, chasing him into a siege inside Mecca itself — until Qatada corrupted Salim's amirs, and Salim withdrew.فتن محلات بغداد سنة 601
اپریل 1205 عیسوی · شعبان 601 ھ601: Baghdad's quarters went to war over dead lions — Bab al-Azj's people killed a lion and meant to parade it triumphantly; the Ma'muniyya barred the procession and swords came out at the Great Orchard. Another lion sparked Qattafa against al-Qariyya; a quarrel set Suq al-Sultan against al-Ja'fariyya in the cemetery — until a great caliphal mamluk patrolled the city killing suspects and the quarters quieted.قتل الباطنية بواسط
مئی 1205 عیسوی · رمضان 601 ھRamadan 601: Wasit turned on its Batini cell — when a carpenter killed the soap-seller who answered him harshly over the creed, the crowd lynched every Batini they found, stormed the missionary Ibn Asiyya's fortified house from the rooftops, slew him and burned it; the notable Fakhr al-Din ibn Amsina came down from Baghdad to quiet the fitna.فتنة أهل السوقين بهراة
اگست 1205 عیسوی · محرم 602 ھMuharram 602: Herat's mob rose in a great fitna between the two market quarters — the blacksmiths and the coppersmiths — with killings, looting and ruined houses; the city's amir was struck by a stone, mobbed, and hidden in the Firuzi palace for days until the fitna subsided.ثورة بني كوكر على الغوريين
1206 عیسوی · 602 ھOn the false rumour of Shihab al-Din's death at the Qara Khitai rout, the Khokhar tribes of the Lahore–Multan hills — once his tributaries — rose, cut the road to Ghazna and seized a great caravan; Daniel of Jabal al-Judi apostatised and joined them. When the sultan's envoy — his own mamluk Aybak — demanded their submission, Ibn Kukar's answer was a challenge: 'why did the sultan not send to us himself?'.فتنة خلاط وقتل أهلها
1207 عیسوی · 604 ھ604: the moment al-Awhad's back was turned, Akhlat's people expelled his garrison and cried a dead Shah-Arman's name; he returned with Jaziran reinforcements, breached the city on the people's own envy of one another, massacred many, and sent the notables to Mayyafariqin to be killed in daily batches — 'the fitiyan, who had made and unmade kings, were scattered and the people spared their evil'.حصار هراة وقتل ابن خرميل
تقریباً 1207 عیسوی · 604 ھعصيان سنجر بخوزستان وتسليمه
1209 عیسوی · 606 ھAl-Nasir's mamluk-governor of Khuzistan, Qutb al-Din Sanjar, drifted into covert rebellion in 606; the caliphal army chased him into the protection of the Salghurid Atabeg Sa'd of Shiraz, wintered at Arrajan, and took his surrender under safe-conduct — Sanjar entered Baghdad on a pack-mule with two chains on his legs and confessed before the assembled amirs and notables.دخول العدو لوشة مع البياسي
تقریباً 1225 عیسوی · تقریباً 622 ھThe Christians entered Loja in 622 with the sayyid Abu Muhammad al-Bayasi amid his fitna against al-Adil, ravaging it utterly before the Muslims recovered it.خلع شروان شاه والظفر بالكرج
1225 عیسوی · 622 ھ622: the Shirvanshah's own son deposed his tyrannical father, who bought Georgian restoration at the price of half the kingdom; the son's thousand horsemen met three thousand Georgians and routed them — whereupon the Georgian commanders dismissed the old shah: 'we met nothing good on your account — do not stay in our lands'. The son restored the people's confiscated estates and ruled well.ثورة البيازين وسقوط لوشة
تقریباً 28 مئی 1486 عیسوی · تقریباً 26 جمادی الاول 891 ھCastile released the captive Boabdil, clothed him and armed him to split the Muslims — Vélez submitted and 'peace' was cried in the markets; Granada's Bayazin quarter rose for him (Rabi I–Jumada I 891) while the Alcazaba stoned them. He then entered Loja seeking reconciliation with his uncle al-Zaghal, but the Castilian siege starved it into surrender on 26 Jumada I 891 — Ibn al-Khatib's ancestral town — and Granada openly said he had come only to hand Loja over as his ransom.نكث شروط غرناطة وثورة البشرات
1499 عیسوی · 904 ھThe treaty of Granada broken clause by clause: in 904 the Muslims were forced to convert — first those once Christian were ordered back 'to unbelief by compulsion', then any Muslim was told his grandfather had been Christian; the Albaicin rose and killed the governors, making death-or-conversion the decree. Whole villages refused — Balfig, Andarax and the mountain of Ballanca whose men killed 'the lord of Cordoba' and were let out on aman to Fez — while the outwardly converted prayed in secret and were burned for it.ثورة يزيد بن المهلب ويوم العقر
719~ · 100 ھخروج عبد الله بن معاوية بن عبد الله بن جعفر بالكوفة
744~ · 127 ھملك الضحاك بن قيس الكوفة وصالح ابن عمر على القسمة
745~ · 127 ھدخول أبي مسلم مرو وانقضاض شيعته على مضر
748~ · 9 جمادی الاول 130 ھ
الإهانة
2017 عیسوی · 1438 ھ†Ziad Doueiri's film about a Lebanese Christian and a Palestinian refugee whose dispute becomes a national trial reopening civil-war wounds — Lebanon's first Oscar nominee.حرائق
2010 عیسوی · 1431 ھ†Denis Villeneuve's Oscar-nominated film about Canadian twins returning to their mother's Middle Eastern homeland, uncovering a civil war fought between Muslims and Christians.ربيع قرطبة
Hatem Ali's Syrian series on the Andalusian fitna and the fall of the Umayyad caliphate of Cordoba in 1009 — a landmark Arabic drama on al-Andalus.
کیا چیز غائب ہے؟ ہمیں بتائیں · موضوع اس وقت کھلتا ہے جب اس کی جائزہ شدہ رہنمائی، 10 سوالات، 5 اقسام میں 25 اندراجات، اور کئی روایات اور خطوں کی آوازیں ہوں۔