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تقریباً 450 قبل مسیحʿAmr ibn Luḥayy’s import of idols to the Hijaz and setting Hubal inside the Ka‘ba — the first idolatry in Mecca.نذر عبد المطلب وقرعة الذبيح
تقریباً 550 عیسویHis vow to sacrifice a son; the lot fell on ʿAbdullāh, and by an auguress’s counsel camels were raised to one hundred and slaughtered in his stead — fixing the Arab bloodwit at a hundred camels.قصة ذات أنواط
جنوری 630 عیسوی · شوال 8 ھOn the march to Hunayn the army passed the sacred tree Dhat Anwat, where pagans hung their weapons and held rites; some of the newly converted soldiers asked the Prophet to 'appoint for us a Dhat Anwat as they have one', and he rebuked the request, likening it to the Israelites' demand that Moses make them a god.
شخصیت
زيد بن عمرو
تقریباً 560 عیسویA Meccan seeker who rejected the idols of his people and sought 'the religion of Abraham' years before the Prophet's mission — the tradition's example of the hanif, the indigenous monotheist.عمرو بن لحيٍ
Khuza‘a’s chief who brought idols to the Hijaz, set Hubal inside the Ka‘ba and instituted the consecrated-livestock customs.
تصور
أحرف الجمل على أسماء ملوك مدين
al-Mas'udi's etymology of the abjad numeral letters — the 29 letters of the abjad order named after six kings of Shu'ayb's people: Abjad of Mecca and the Hijaz, Hawwaz and Hutti of Wajj (the Ta'if and Najd lands), and Kalamn, Sa'fas and Qursht of Madyan or Egypt.الأنواء
Al-Anwāʾ: attributing rain to star-settings — the Prophet counted it ingratitude to God.أسماء الأيام والشهور في الجاهلية
The Arabs' Jahiliyya week — Awwal, Ahwan, Jubar, Dubar, Mu'nis, 'Aruba, Shiyar — and their months: Natiq for Muharram, Thaqil for Safar, then Taliq, Najir, Aslakh, Amih, Ahlak, Kasa', Zahir, Bark, Harf and Ta'ss for Dhu al-Hijja; the Sabbath named for the severing of creation's week.الأيام النحسات
Every Wednesday falling on the fourth of the month in the Arabs' reckoning — the fourth past, the fourteenth, the fourteenth remaining and the twenty-fourth.الأزلام
Azlam: divining arrows consulted before undertakings — forbidden in the Qurʾan among Satan’s works.البيوت المعظمة على أسماء الكواكب
The report that seven great houses were raised to the planets — the Ka'ba named Saturn's for its endurance, Isfahan's Maris, India's magnet-shrine Mandusan, Manushihr's lunar Nawbahar at Balkh whose wardens took the title Barmak, and al-Dahhak's Venus-temple Ghumdan at San'a' — each idol-house built when the stars were seen to hide.بيوت النيران
The first fire-temple builder, in al-Mas'udi's telling, was Afridun — told the flame was a link to God of the luminous kind, he took a share to Khurasan: the houses of Tus, Bukhara's Bard-Sura, Bahman's Karakir in Sijistan, the Shiz house whose idols Anushirwan cast out or whose fire he moved to al-Baraka, Kaykhusraw's Kawsaja, Qumis's Jarish spared by Alexander, Siyawush's Kanjadha toward China, and Arjan's — the animals' rush at flame glossed by moth and by Basra's lamp-fished waters.الغول والغيلان
The desert ghul — goat-legged, appearing to travellers in lonely places; Arabs kept to the track chanting the goat-foot rajaz until it fled to the wadis. Umar is said to have struck one with his sword before Islam. Naturalist readings made it a deformed beast; a Hindu-astral theory made it the 48 stars 'bearing the ghul's head' (Ptolemy, Abu Ma'shar's Great Introduction). Distinct from the sa'la'at; the qutrub and ghaddar haunt Yemen and Upper Egypt; and the egg-genealogy of the jinn assigns them and the marada, abalisa and hawam their dwelling-places.الهامة
Al-Hāma: the belief that a slain man’s spirit becomes an owl crying ‘give me to drink’ until avenged — Islam negated it.الهواتف
Voices heard without a visible body — commonest (al-Mas'udi says) around the Prophet's birth and mission; the naturalist reading traces them to the fancies bred by desert solitude and melancholy.الحُمْس
The Hums: the self-styled ‘rigorous’ fraternity of Quraysh and allies who invented Hajj innovations — shunning ‘Arafa, Rafm clothes, naked tawaf, back-door entry in ihram.عبادة الأصنام في الجاهلية ومراسمها
The rites of idol worship among the Arabs of the Jahiliyya as al-Raheeq al-Makhtum lists them: devotion and appeal to the idols as intercessors with God, pilgrimage, circumambulation and prostration to them, slaughter for them and in their names, a share of food, crops and cattle set aside for them, vows, and the consecrated animals; most were introduced by Amr ibn Luhayy and thought a good innovation rather than a change of Ibrahim's religion, and the Qur'an rejects them in al-An'am, al-Ma'ida, al-Zumar and Yunus.الاسترضاع في البادية
The custom of the settled Arabs of seeking wet-nurses in the desert for their children, to keep them from the diseases of the towns, strengthen their bodies and nerves, and let them master pure Arabic from the cradle; by it the Prophet was nursed among Banu Sa'd ibn Bakr by Halima.أشكال الزواج الأربعة
Four pagan marriage forms — common, istibda‘ (lending a wife for a better lineage), communal paternity assignment, and wife-swapping (al-badal) — Islam abolished all but the first.الكهانة والعرافة
Kahāna, ‘irāfa and sand-reading: the pagan trade in the unseen through jinn and stars — all forbidden by the Prophet.الكوسج
The mule-rider of Adharmah's first day in Iraq and Fars — gorged for days on walnuts, garlic and fat meats, he is doused with cold water unfazed and cries 'garma garma' (warm, warm) in Persian; a Persian festival joy unknown in Syria, Egypt or Yemen.قول العرب في ليالي الشهور القمرية
The Arabs' question-and-answer litany on the moon each night of the month — first night 'a suckling kid, its folk milked into a pail', two 'tales of two false tribes', eight 'a loaf split by brothers', thirteen 'a dazzling moon', fifteen 'the full, the days spent' — through the month's wane.ليلة الغطاس
Egypt's Epiphany night — al-Mas'udi attended in 330 when the Ikhshid lit a thousand torches from his al-Mukhtara palace on the river island and hundreds of thousands, Muslims and Christians, thronged boats and banks; the streets never close and most plunge into the Nile believing it preserves from sickness.الميسر
Maysar: arrow-casting gambling on slaughtered camels — the Qurʾan condemned it with wine as a great sin.المهرجان
The sixteenth of Mihrmah — the Persian feast set a hundred and seventy-four days after Nowruz.النسيء
Al-Nasīʾ: shifting the sacred months to fit seasonal interests until the Hajj realigned in 10 AH — the Qurʾan abolished it as ‘an excess of disbelief’.النيروز
The first day of Farwardinmah, head of the Persian year — one hundred and seventy-four days from the Mihragan — a festival of joy for the Persians.القيافة
The art of tracing likeness — reading footprints and kinship resemblance: debated by the ancients, a speciality of Banu Mudlij and the Mudar tribes, famous in the Jafar trackers and in the Qurashi pursuers whom the spider's web turned back at the cave of Thawr; jurists disputed its evidential force.البحيرة والسائبة والوصيلة والحامي
Animals the pagans consecrated — Bahira, Saʾiba, Wasila, Hami — neither ridden nor milked except for guests; the Qurʾan rebuked the custom.التطير والتشاؤم
Tiyara: ill-omen beliefs in days, houses, women and horses — Islam negated it: ‘no contagion, no omen’.الوأد
Waʾd: burying infant girls alive out of fear of poverty or disgrace — Islam abolished it and classed it among the gravest sins.كراهة يوم الأربعاء
The Arabs' aversion to Wednesday traced by al-Mas'udi to the barren wind that reached 'Ad on a Wednesday and left none alive before the next.الزجر والعيافة
Augury — the zajr of birds, tafa'ul and tatayyur, the sanih and barih: counted among the Arabs' specialities, zajr belonging to Banu Asad as kahana to Yemen; mountaineers and desert-dwellers were the readiest augurs.
نادر شے
اللات
al-Lāt — a pre-Islamic Arabian idol.العزى
al-ʿUzzā — a pre-Islamic Arabian idol.هبل
Hubal — a pre-Islamic Arabian idol.مناة
Manāt — a pre-Islamic Arabian idol.نسر
Nasr — a pre-Islamic Arabian idol.سواع
Suwāʿ — a pre-Islamic Arabian idol.ود
Wadd — a pre-Islamic Arabian idol.يغوث
Yaghūth — a pre-Islamic Arabian idol.يعوق
Yaʿūq — a pre-Islamic Arabian idol.
عمل
الإمام
An Arabic series on the life of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal and his steadfastness during the Mihna — the largest Arabic drama about a Sunni scholar-saint.المصير
1997 عیسوی · 1418 ھ†Youssef Chahine's film about Ibn Rushd in Almohad Cordoba on the eve of the burning of his books — a deliberate parallel with 1990s Egypt and religious militancy.المرشحة المثالية
2019 عیسوی · 1440 ھ†Haifaa al-Mansour's film about a Saudi doctor who runs for a municipal council seat in a conservative town.ألف
The Pakistani series pairing a famous filmmaker with a young Qur'an memoriser — contemporary Pakistani TV's most-discussed treatment of art, faith and the soul.بركة يقابل بركة
2016 عیسوی · 1437 ھ†Mahmoud Sabbagh's debut — Saudi Arabia's first romantic comedy — about a municipal worker and a social-media celebrity in Jeddah; a gentle push at social boundaries.برسيبوليس
2007 عیسوی · 1428 ھ†The French-Iranian animated film of Marjane Satrapi's childhood in revolutionary and post-revolutionary Iran — Oscar-nominated.الرجل الحر: بديع الزمان سعيد النورسي
2011 عیسوی · 1432 ھ†A Turkish biopic of Bediüzzaman Said Nursi — Kurdish scholar to author of the Risale-i Nur — the largest film about a modern Turkish religious scholar.جويلاند
2022 عیسوی · 1443 ھ†Saim Sadiq's Cannes-winning film about a Lahore family shaken when the son joins a dance theatre — briefly banned in Pakistan, then released amid religious debate.رامي
Ramy Youssef's Hulu comedy-drama about an Egyptian-American torn between faith and appetite in New Jersey — the first major US series led by a Muslim character; Golden Globe winner.المنير
2010 عیسوی · 1431 ھ†Hanung Bramantyo's film on Ahmad Dahlan, founder of Muhammadiyah, and the early years of Indonesia's Islamic reform movement in Yogyakarta.وجدة
2012 عیسوی · 1433 ھ†Haifaa al-Mansour's film — the first feature directed by a woman inside Saudi Arabia — about a girl in Riyadh who wants a bicycle; a quiet study of gender and public space.زندگی تماشا
2019 عیسوی · 1440 ھ†A Pakistani film about a devout naat-reciter shunned after a wedding video of him dancing goes viral — delayed by religious protest, then Pakistan's Oscar submission.
کیا چیز غائب ہے؟ ہمیں بتائیں · موضوع اس وقت کھلتا ہے جب اس کی جائزہ شدہ رہنمائی، 10 سوالات، 5 اقسام میں 25 اندراجات، اور کئی روایات اور خطوں کی آوازیں ہوں۔