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The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era

The Mongol conquests, the sack of Baghdad in 1258, the Ilkhanate and Timurids, and the Persianate courts that followed.

158 events

  1. 1200 CE · 596 AH† · war

    Circassian–Golden Horde War

    Place: Circassia
  2. 1206 CE · 602 AH† · campaign

    Mongol invasions and conquests

    Place: Eurasia
  3. c. 1211 CE · 608 AH · raid

    Qatada's assault on the Iraqi pilgrim caravan at Mina, 608
  4. 1219 CE · 616 AH† · campaign

    Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire

    Place: Central Asia
  5. 1220 CE · 617 AH† · siege

    Siege of Bukhara

    Place: Bukhara
  6. c. 1220 CE · 617 AH · campaign

    The Mongols Erupt into the Lands of Islam
  7. c. 1220 CE · 617 AH · campaign

    The Mongol Sweep through Jibal, Azerbaijan and Georgia

    Place: Rayy
  8. c. 1220 CE · 617 AH · campaign

    The Mongols Seize Mazandaran and the Treasures of Khwarazm-shah's Mother
  9. c. 13 March 1221 CE · 4 Safar 618 AH · siege

    The Mongols Take Maragha and Slaughter Its People
  10. 1221 CE · 618 AH† · battle

    Battle of the Indus

    Place: Indus River
  11. 1221 CE · 618 AH† · battle

    Battle of Parwan

    Place: Parwan Province
  12. 1221 CE · 618 AH† · siege

    Siege of Herat (1221–22)

    Place: هراة
  13. 1221 CE · 618 AH† · siege

    Siege of Merv

    Place: Merv
  14. c. 1221 CE · 618 AH · battle

    Battles of Jalal al-Din and Genghis Khan, 618 AH
  15. c. 1223 CE · 620 AH · battle

    The great battle between the Tatars, the Qipchaq and the Russians, 620

    Place: Kalka River
  16. c. 1224 CE · 621 AH · campaign

    The Tatars Return to Rayy and Hamadan in 621 AH

    Place: Hamadan
  17. c. 11 March 1226 CE · 8 Rabi' I 623 AH · conquest

    Jalal al-Din takes the city of Tiflis from the Georgians

    Commanders: جلال الدين منكبرتي بن خوارزم شاه

    Place: Tiflis
  18. c. 1227 CE · 624 AH · battle

    Battle of Isfahan in 624 AH

    Place: Isfahan
  19. c. 31 December 1229 CE · c. 14 Safar 627 AH · conquest

    The fall of Majorca to the Rum
  20. c. 16 August 1230 CE · 28 Ramadan 627 AH · battle

    The Battle of Yassi Jaman (Basi Jaman)
  21. c. 1230 CE · 627 AH · battle

    Defeat of Jalal al-Din al-Khwarazmi, 627 AH
  22. c. 1231 CE · 628 AH · war

    Ruin of Jalal al-Din Khwarazm-Shah and devastation of al-Jazira, 628 AH
  23. c. 1231 CE · 628 AH · campaign

    The Mongols Enter Diyar Bakr and al-Jazira
  24. c. 1231 CE · 629 AH · campaign

    The Tatar Raid on Shahrazur in 629 AH

    Place: Shahrazur
  25. c. August 1237 CE · Dhu al-Hijja 634 AH · battle

    The battle of Anija and the killing of Ibn al-Kila'i
  26. c. 11 August 1237 CE · c. 10 Dhu al-Hijja 634 AH · battle

    The battle of Anisha
  27. c. 1236 CE · 634 AH · raid

    The Tatars Take Arbil by the Sword in 634 AH

    Place: Arbil (Erbil)
  28. c. 1237 CE · 635 AH · raid

    The Tatar Raid on Daquqa in 635 AH
  29. c. 29 September 1238 CE · 17 Safar 636 AH · conquest

    The fall of Valencia to the enemy

    Place: Valencia
  30. c. May 1239 CE · 23 Shawwal 636 AH · conquest

    The enemy's capture of Cordoba

    Place: Cordoba
  31. 1241 CE · 638 AH† · conquest

    Mongol conquest of Anatolia

    Place: Anatolia (Asia Minor)
  32. 1241 CE · 639 AH · siege

    The Mongols take and sack Lahore, 639/1241

    Place: Lahore
  33. 1243 CE · 640 AH† · battle

    Battle of Köse Dağ

    Place: Mount Kösedağ
  34. 1243 CE · 640 AH† · siege

    Siege of Erzurum

    Place: Erzurum
  35. c. 1243 CE · c. 641 AH · conquest

    Murcia handed to the enemy by treaty
  36. 1246 CE · 644 AH† · siege

    Siege of Tlemcen

    Place: Tlemcen
  37. c. 23 November 1248 CE · 5 Sha'ban 646 AH · conquest

    The fall of Seville by treaty

    Place: Seville
  38. 1253 CE · 651 AH† · siege

    Siege of Gerdkuh (1253)

    Place: Gerdkuh Fortress
  39. c. 1254 CE · 652 AH · war

    The Tatars Begin the Conquest of the Islamic Lands in 652 AH
  40. 1256 CE · 654 AH† · battle

    Battle of Aksaray (1256)
  41. 1256 CE · 654 AH† · battle

    Battle of Bizye (1256)

    Place: Vize
  42. 1256 CE · 654 AH† · siege

    Siege of Lambsar

    Place: Lambsar Castle
  43. November 1256 CE · Shawwal 654 AH† · siege

    Siege of Maymun-Diz (1256)

    Place: Maymun-Diz
  44. c. February 1258 CE · Muharram 656 AH · battle

    The Tatar sack of Baghdad and the killing of al-Musta'sim

    Commanders: هولاكو خان

    Place: Baghdad
  45. 1258 CE · 656 AH† · siege

    Siege of Erbil (1258)

    Place: Erbil
  46. c. February 1260 CE · c. Safar 658 AH · conquest

    Damascus submits to the Tatars, 658

    Place: Damascus
  47. c. January 1260 CE · c. 9 Safar 658 AH · conquest

    The Tatars take Aleppo, 658

    Place: Aleppo
  48. c. 3 September 1260 CE · 15 Ramadan 658 AH · battle

    The battle of Ayn Jalut and the defeat of the Tatars

    Place: Baysan (Beisan)
  49. 1260 CE · 658 AH · conquest

    The Mongols take Raqqa

    Place: al-Raqqa
  50. c. 1260 CE · 659 AH · battle

    Battle of Homs in 659 AH

    Place: Hims (Emesa)
  51. c. 28 November 1261 CE · 3 Muharram 660 AH · battle

    Al-Mustansir's departure for Iraq and his disappearance
  52. c. August 1262 CE · c. Ramadan 660 AH · conquest

    The Tatars take Mosul by ruse, 660

    Place: Mosul
  53. c. 1263 CE · c. 661 AH · battle

    Battle of Berke and Hulagu

    Commanders: هولاكو خان
  54. c. April 1265 CE · c. Jumada I 663 AH · conquest

    Baybars takes Caesarea and Arsuf, 663

    Place: Arsuf
  55. c. 1264 CE · 663 AH · battle

    The great battle of Granada, 663

    Place: Granada
  56. c. June 1266 CE · c. 8 Sha'ban 664 AH · conquest

    Baybars takes Safed, 664

    Place: Safad
  57. 1268 CE · 666 AH† · battle

    Battle of Batawa (1268)
  58. July 1270 CE · Dhu al-Qa'da 668 AH · siege

    Louis IX's siege of Tunis (the Eighth Crusade)

    Place: Tunis
  59. c. 1272 CE · 671 AH · battle

    The Euphrates crossing to relieve al-Bira, 671
  60. c. March 1275 CE · Ramadan 673 AH · battle

    Baybars raids Cilicia, 673

    Place: Masisa (Mopsuestia)
  61. c. 1275 CE · 674 AH · siege

    The mangonel duel of al-Bira, 674
  62. c. 1275 CE · 674 AH · conquest

    The Conquest of Nubia and the Capture of the King of Dunqula
  63. 1277 CE · 675 AH · conquest

    The Karamanids occupy Konya and install Jimri, 675/1277

    Place: Konya
  64. c. 1281 CE · 680 AH · battle

    The second battle of Homs, 680

    Place: Hims (Emesa)
  65. September 1284 CE · Rajab 683 AH · conquest

    The Aragonese capture of Djerba

    Place: Jarba
  66. 1286 CE · 685 AH · conquest

    The fall of Minorca to the lord of Barcelona
  67. c. April 1289 CE · Rabi' II 688 AH · conquest

    Qalawun Takes Tripoli by the Sword

    Place: Tripoli (al-Sham)
  68. c. June 1292 CE · Rajab 691 AH · siege

    The fall of Qal'at al-Rum, 691

    Place: Qal'at al-Rum (Rumkale)
  69. 1293 CE · 692 AH† · battle

    Battle of Zonglos (1293)

    Place: Pylos
  70. c. 1297 CE · 696 AH · mutiny

    Lajin's coup against al-Adil Kitbugha, 696
  71. 1299 CE · 698 AH† · battle

    Battle of Wadi al-Khaznadar

    Place: Hims (Emesa)
  72. c. 1299 CE · 699 AH · campaign

    Ghazan's devastation of Syria, 699

    Place: Damascus
  73. c. 1299 CE · c. 699 AH · siege

    Siege of Tlemcen by Abu Ya'qub the Marinid

    Place: Tlemcen
  74. 1300 CE · 699 AH† · battle

    Chem River Battle (1300)

    Place: Emba River
  75. 1302 CE · 701 AH† · battle

    Battle of Bapheus

    Place: Bithynia
  76. 1303 CE · 702 AH† · battle

    Battle of Vashlovani (1303)
  77. 18 April 1303 CE · 29 Sha'ban 702 AH · battle

    Al-Nuwayri fights beside Mughultay, 29 Sha'ban 702/18 April 1303, eyewitness of Shaqhab

    Place: Damascus
  78. 22 April 1303 CE · 4 Ramadan 702 AH · battle

    Ibn Taymiyya at the victory of Shaqhab, 702/1303

    Place: Damascus
  79. 1305 CE · 704 AH† · battle

    Battle of Amroha

    Place: Amroha
  80. 1306 CE · 705 AH† · battle

    Battle of the Irtysh River (1306)
  81. 1317 CE · 717 AH · conquest

    Conquest of Bursa

    Place: Bursa
  82. 1329 CE · 729 AH† · battle

    Battle of Pelekanon

    Place: Nicomedia
  83. 1330 CE · 730 AH† · battle

    Battle of Jaghatu
  84. 1336 CE · 736 AH† · battle

    Battle of Qara Darra

    Place: Erciş
  85. 1340 CE · 740 AH · naval battle

    Naval battle of the Strait and the taking of the Muslim fleet
  86. 30 October 1340 CE · 9 Rabi' I 741 AH · battle

    Battle of Tarifa and the Testing of the Muslims

    Place: Tarifa
  87. c. March 1344 CE · c. 744 AH · conquest

    The fall of al-Jazira al-Khadra and the breaking of the fleet

    Place: al-Jazira al-Khadra
  88. August 1347 CE · Jumada II 748 AH · conquest

    Abu al-Hasan al-Marini's entry into Ifriqiya

    Place: Tunis
  89. 1348 CE · 749 AH† · battle

    Battle of Kairouan (1348)

    Place: Qayrawan
  90. 1348 CE · Dhu al-Hijja 748 AH · battle

    The Kairouan disaster

    Place: Qayrawan
  91. c. 1356 CE · c. 757 AH · conquest

    The Genoese capture and recovery of Tripoli
  92. 11 February 1359 CE · 8 Rabi' I 760 AH · conquest

    Abu Hammu's recovery of Tlemcen

    Place: Tlemcen
  93. July 1362 CE · Ramadan 763 AH · conquest

    Ottoman conquest of Edirne

    Commanders: Murad I · Lala Shahin Pasha

    Place: Edirne
  94. c. 763 AH · battle

    وقعة نهر الماريتسا ⁦(صيرمن)⁩
  95. 1365 CE · 766 AH† · battle

    Battle of the Mire

    Place: Tashkent
  96. 1371 CE · 772 AH† · battle

    Battle of Maritsa

    Place: Ormenio
  97. June 1374 CE · Muharram 776 AH · civil war

    The Marinid division between Fez and Marrakesh (776 AH)

    Place: Fez
  98. 1376 CE · 778 AH† · battle

    Battle of Sauran (1376)
  99. 1378 CE · 780 AH† · war

    Khwarazm conflict (1378–1379)

    Place: Khwarizm
  100. 1379 CE · 781 AH† · siege

    Siege of Urgench (1379)

    Place: Köneürgenç
  101. 1381 CE · 783 AH† · siege

    Siege of Herat (1381)

    Place: Herat
  102. 1386 CE · 788 AH† · battle

    Battle of Mush

    Place: Muş
  103. 1388 CE · 790 AH† · battle

    Battle of Bileća
  104. 1388 CE · 790 AH† · siege

    Siege of Alinja (1388–1401)

    Place: Alinja Tower
  105. c. 27 August 1389 CE · 15 Sha'ban 791 AH · battle

    The first battle of Kosovo and the martyrdom of Murad I

    Commanders: Murad I

    Place: Kosovo Field
  106. 1391 CE · 793 AH† · battle

    Battle of the Kondurcha River

    Commanders: تمرلنك
  107. 1393 CE · 795 AH† · siege

    Siege of Sirjan (1393–1396)

    Place: Sirjan
  108. 1395 CE · 797 AH† · battle

    Battle of Khankala (1395)
  109. 1395 CE · 797 AH† · siege

    Siege of Sarai (1395)
  110. 1398 CE · 800 AH† · siege

    Siege of Bhatner (1398)
  111. c. 1398 CE · 801 AH · conquest

    Timur Takes Delhi in 801 AH

    Commanders: تمرلنك

    Place: Delhi
  112. 1399 CE · 801 AH† · war

    Moghulistan War (1399–1400)

    Place: Moghulistan
  113. 1400 CE · 802 AH† · battle

    Battle of Aleppo (1400)

    Commanders: تمرلنك

    Place: Aleppo
  114. c. 1401 CE · 803 AH · conquest

    Timur's Event at Damascus in 803 AH
  115. 1402 CE · 804 AH† · battle

    Battle of Algami Canal (1402)

    Place: Iraq
  116. 20 July 1402 CE · 804 AH · battle

    The battle of Ankara and the capture of Bayezid the Thunderbolt

    Commanders: Bayezid I Yildirim · تمرلنك
  117. 1402 CE · 804 AH · conquest

    Timur seizes Bursa

    Commanders: تمرلنك

    Place: Bursa
  118. July 1402 CE · Dhu al-Hijja 804 AH† · siege

    Siege of Ankara (1402)

    Place: Ankara
  119. 1403 CE · 805 AH† · siege

    Siege of Birtvisi (1403)
  120. 1403 CE · 806 AH · civil war

    The Ottoman Interregnum (Fetret Devri)
  121. between 1406 and 1407 CE · 809 AH · revolt

    The Hakam and Nawruz Fitna in Syria, 809
  122. 1410 CE · 813 AH† · battle

    Battle of Şənbi-Qazan (1410)

    Place: Tabriz
  123. c. 1410 CE · 813 AH · civil war

    The great calamity of Fez, 813 AH

    Place: Fes
  124. 1412 CE · 815 AH† · battle

    Battle of Chalagan

    Place: Chalagan-Gyuney
  125. 1413 CE · 816 AH · siege

    The Karamanid siege of Bursa

    Place: Bursa
  126. c. 1 October 1415 CE · 7 Sha'ban 817 AH · battle

    The Frankish storming of Ceuta, 817

    Place: Ceuta
  127. c. July 1426 CE · c. Ramadan 829 AH · battle

    The Conquest of Cyprus and Capture of King Janus
  128. c. March 1431 CE · 833 AH · siege

    Conquest of Thessalonica
  129. c. 10 November 1444 CE · 848 AH · battle

    Battle of Varna and the breach of the treaty

    Commanders: Murad II

    Place: Varna
  130. 1446 CE · 850 AH† · siege

    Siege of the Hexamilion Wall (1446)
  131. c. 1446 CE · 850 AH · mutiny

    Janissary mutiny at Edirne

    Place: Edirne
  132. 17 October 1448 CE · 852 AH · battle

    The second battle of Kosovo

    Commanders: Murad II · John Hunyadi

    Place: Kosovo Polje
  133. c. 29 May 1453 CE · 857 AH · conquest

    Conquest of Constantinople in 857 AH

    Commanders: السلطان محمد الفاتح · Akşemseddin

    Place: Constantinople
  134. 1453 CE · 857 AH · campaign

    Mehmed II prepares the Constantinople siege from Edirne

    Commanders: السلطان محمد الفاتح

    Place: Edirne
  135. 1460 CE · 864 AH† · conquest

    Siege of Amasra (1460)

    Place: Amasra
  136. 1462 CE · 866 AH† · siege

    Siege of Shahrukhiya
  137. 1467 CE · 871 AH† · battle

    Battle of Mush (1467)

    Place: Muş
  138. 1468 CE · 872 AH† · battle

    Battle of Larende (1468)

    Place: Konya
  139. 1468 CE · 872 AH† · siege

    Siege of Gerger
  140. 1468 CE · 873 AH · conquest

    Sonni Ali takes Timbuktu

    Place: Timbuktu
  141. c. December 1480 CE · Ramadan 885 AH · battle

    The Defeat of the Egyptian Army near al-Ruha
  142. c. February 1482 CE · c. 887 AH · conquest

    The treacherous seizure of Alhama and the repulsed Muslim siege
  143. c. April 1483 CE · c. Rabi' I 888 AH · battle

    Battle of Lucena and the capture of Abu Abd Allah

    Place: Lucena
  144. c. May 1485 CE · c. Jumada I 890 AH · conquest

    The fall of Ronda and the west to the Castilians
  145. c. 28 May 1486 CE · c. 26 Jumada I 891 AH · conquest

    The Bayyazin revolt and the fall of Loja
  146. c. 29 April 1487 CE · c. 10 Jumada I 892 AH · conquest

    Fall of Velez-Malaga and the rout before contact
  147. 1487 CE · 892 AH · siege

    Siege of Malaga and the captivity of its people

    Place: Malaga
  148. c. 4 December 1489 CE · c. 10 Muharram 895 AH · siege

    Siege of Baza and the surrender of al-Zaghal
  149. 1495 CE · 900 AH† · siege

    Siege of Kayseri

    Place: Kayseri
  150. 1498 CE · 903 AH† · battle

    Battle of Botosani

    Place: Botoșani
  151. 1499 CE · 904 AH · revolt

    The breach of the Granada terms and the revolt of the Alpujarras

    Place: Granada
  152. 1501 CE · 906 AH† · siege

    Siege of Mytilene (1501)
  153. 1505 CE · 911 AH† · war

    Malacca-Majapahit Conflict

    Place: Sumatra
  154. between 1507 and 1508 CE · 913 AH · conquest

    The Portuguese Take the Fortress of Hormuz, 913
  155. c. 24 August 1516 CE · c. Rajab 922 AH · battle

    The Battle of Marj Dabiq and Selim's Entry into Egypt

    Commanders: Selim I Yavuz

    Place: Dabiq
  156. between 1527 and 1528 CE · 934 AH · conquest

    Imam Ahmad Gran's Seizure of Harar and Abyssinian Conquests
  157. · conquest

    Timur's conquest of Zamindawar

    Place: Zamindawar
  158. · war

    War between Timur and the Sayyids of Mazandaran

    Place: Mazandaran Province