خاندان: · 361 اندراجات
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شخصیت
عبد الله بن سلام
تقریباً 550 عیسویA learned rabbi of Banu Qaynuqa' who examined the Prophet, declared him genuine, and became the most famous Jewish convert of Medina — held in Sunni tradition as one promised paradise.ورقة بن نوفل
تقریباً 555 عیسویKhadija's cousin, an elderly Meccan Christian who had studied the scriptures; the man who first told the shaken Prophet that what had come to him in the cave was prophecy.عثمان بن عفان
تقریباً 576 عیسویThird caliph (644–656); the early community married him to two of the Prophet's daughters in succession. Under him the Qur'an was standardized into a single recension; he was killed by rebels in Medina, opening the first civil war.أم سلمة هند بنت أبي أمية
تقریباً 590 (تقریباً) عیسویA wife of the Prophet remembered for her counsel at Hudaybiyya and for the hundreds of hadith transmitted on her authority in Sunni tradition.عبد الله بن مسعود
تقریباً 594 عیسویA shepherd of Mecca among the first converts, remembered as the first man to recite the Qur'an aloud there; in Kufa he became a founding teacher of its school of learning.أبو هريرة
تقریباً 603 عیسویA convert of the Khaybar years who became, by far, the most prolific narrator of hadith in the Sunni collections — a fact celebrated by the tradition and debated by scholars.حفصة بنت عمر
تقریباً 605 عیسویA wife of the Prophet and daughter of Umar ibn al-Khattab, remembered in Sunni tradition as the keeper of the collected Qur'anic codex.زيد بن ثابت
تقریباً 611 عیسویA young Ansari who became the Prophet's scribe of revelation; Abu Bakr set him to gather the Qur'an, and Uthman's committee under him produced the standard recension still read today.سعد بن مالك الخدري
تقریباً 612 عیسویA Companion of the Prophet from the Ansar, of the Khudra clan, who transmitted hadith.عائشة بنت أبي بكر
تقریباً 613 عیسویA wife of the Prophet and daughter of Abu Bakr; one of the most prolific transmitters of hadith in Sunni tradition, whose role is viewed differently across the traditions.عبد الله بن عباس
تقریباً 619 عیسویThe Prophet's young cousin who grew up in Medina and became the tradition's founding authority on the interpretation of the Qur'an — remembered as the father of tafsir.يزيد بن القعقاع
660 عیسوی · 40 ھOne of the ten well-known canonical reciters, from Medina.عمرو بن دينار
666 عیسوی · 46 ھOne of the senior Successors, and the shaykh of the Meccan sanctuary in his time; among the great transmitters of hadith.سليمان بن طرخان التيمي
666 عیسوی · 46 ھA hadith scholar of Basra who narrated from the Companion Anas ibn Malik and a number of Successors.الأعمش سليمان بن مهران
680 عیسوی · 61 ھA hadith scholar, reciter and expert in inheritance law, nicknamed al-A'mash for weakness of sight. Accounts of his birthplace differ.علقمة بن قيس النخعي
مسروق بن الأجدع
One of the senior Successors (tabi'un), who transmitted hadith and was known for the Qur'anic readings. Several kunyas are given for him in the sources.أبو الأسود الدؤلي ظالم بن عمرو
A philologist and transmitter credited with the vowel-pointing of the Qur'an and the founding of Arabic grammar. His lineage goes back to al-Du'al ibn Bakr ibn Kinana.عبيدة بن عمرو السلماني
عبد الرحمن بن زياد بن أنعم
694 عیسوی · 75 ھThe scholar, traditionist and judge Abu Khalid Abd al-Rahman ibn Ziyad ibn An'am al-Mu'afiri al-Sha'bani, known in the African East; he transmitted hadith and held judicial office.الأسود بن يزيد النخعي
الأوزاعي عبد الرحمن بن عمرو
706 عیسوی · 88 ھThe imam and foremost jurist of Syria in his time. Historians differ on the origin of his nisba al-Awza'i.قبيصة بن ذؤيب بن عمرو الخزاعي
One of the four Medinan jurists named by Abu al-Zinad, with Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan and Urwa ibn al-Zubayr, as Shirazi reports.حفص أبو عمر بن سليمان
709 عیسوی · 90 ھWell-known transmitter of the reading of Asim ibn Abi al-Najud and one of the seven canonical readers, reader of Kufa; died 180 AH (796 CE).مالك بن أنس
تقریباً 711 عیسوی · 93 ھImam of Medina and author of the Muwatta; born in Medina, he studied with its scholars and taught there until his death in 179 AH. The Maliki school of law bears his name.حماد بن زيد
717 عیسوی · 98 ھA hadith scholar of Basra, described as among the most pious and reliable memorizers. He memorized four thousand hadiths and was blind.خارجة بن زيد بن ثابت
Among the jurists of Medina in the second generation; with Talha ibn Abd Allah ibn Awf he was consulted in his time for inheritance and documents, as Shirazi reports.سالم بن عبد الله بن عمر بن الخطاب
A jurist of Medina; Rabi'a says the fatwa passed after Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab to al-Qasim and Salim, as Shirazi reports.عمر بن الأشعث التيمي
Named after his grandfather Laja, not his father al-Ash'ath.شهر بن حوشب الأشعري
A Syrian jurist listed by Shirazi among the third generation; Shirazi gives his death as 112 AH and notes Ibn Sa'd's variant.محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب (الباقر)
A Medinan Successor jurist listed by Shirazi in the second generation; Mus'ab al-Zubayri says he died in 114 AH.عبد الرحمن بن هرمز الأعرج
The Successor traditionist Abd al-Rahman ibn Hormoz al-A'raj, who met several Companions and transmitted from them; his best-known kunya is Abu Dawud.عبد الله بن ذكوان أبو الزناد
A Medinan jurist of the third generation; Shirazi reports his mission to Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik about the Medina accounts, and that Malik took fiqh from him.يحيى بن يحيى الغساني
الربيع بن زياد البكري الخراساني
Al-Rabi ibn Ziyad al-Bakri al-Khurasani al-Marwazi al-Basri, a figure of the second Islamic century, mentioned by Ibn Sa'd in his biographical classes of the Basrans and Baghdadis; he died in 139 AH.يحيى بن سعيد بن قيس الأنصاري
A Medinan jurist of the third generation who served as qadi for al-Mansur; Hammad ibn Zayd reports Ayyub saying he left no jurist more learned than Yahya ibn Sa'id.محمد بن الوليد الزبيدي
خلف بن هشام
767 عیسوی · 150 ھOne of the ten canonical reciters of the Qur'an, from Baghdad. The sources agree that his readings are authoritative.الجوزجاني إبراهيم بن يعقوب
781 عیسوی · 165 ھA hadith scholar from Jawzjan, named after Bushanj. The biographical dictionaries give him a full entry.سعيد بن عبد العزيز التنوخي
عبد الواحد بن زيد
An ascetic, exemplar and preacher, known as the leading worshipper of Basra. He transmitted from al-Hasan al-Basri and Ata' ibn Abi Rabah.ابن أبي أسامة الحارث بن محمد
802 عیسوی · 186 ھA hadith scholar and transmitter of reports from Baghdad, well versed in the Qur'anic readings and described as reliable.سعيد بن يحيى الأموي
The traditionist and jurist Abu Uthman Said ibn Yahya ibn Said ibn Aban al-Umawi, of Kufan origin who settled in Baghdad; he transmitted hadith from his paternal uncles and from scholars of his time.الجوزجاني موسى بن سليمان
From Jawzjan, a great city in Khurasan, and one of the transmitters of hadith.أبو داود السجستاني
تقریباً 817 عیسوی · 202 ھThe muhaddith of Sijistan, author of the Sunan counted among the six books; he travelled for hadith to Basra, Baghdad, Khurasan, al-Sham and Egypt, and restricted his collection to the reports bearing on rulings, arranged by legal chapter.عبد الله بن أيوب التيمي
A hadith scholar of Basra, a client of the Taym Allah clan.الترمذي محمد بن عيسى
824 عیسوی · 209 ھA hadith scholar from Tirmidh on the Oxus, author of the Jami' al-Sahih, known as Sunan al-Tirmidhi.البزار أبو بكر أحمد بن عمرو
825 عیسوی · 210 ھWell-known hadith scholar known as al-Bazzar, who narrated hadith in Isfahan, Baghdad, Egypt and Mecca in his later years; died 292 AH (905 CE).النسائي
تقریباً 830 عیسوی · 215 ھThe muhaddith of Nasa in Khurasan, author of the Sunan counted among the six books; famed for his attention to hidden defects and transmitter criticism, moving late in life to Egypt and then al-Sham where he died.عبد الله بن مسلمة القعنبي
A memorizing, devout and authoritative hadith scholar from Medina.الحميدي عبد الله بن الزبير
A hadith scholar from Mecca of the Asad clan, among the great transmitters of hadith in Mecca and a teacher of al-Bukhari.ابن خزيمة محمد بن إسحاق
838 عیسوی · 223 ھImam of the imams and hadith scholar of Nishapur, author of the Sahih known as Sahih Ibn Khuzayma.الحماني أبو زكرياء يحيى بن عبد الحميد
Travelling hadith memorist who came to Baghdad, first to compile a musnad in Kufa; died 228 AH (842 CE).أبو عوانة يعقوب بن إسحاق
845 عیسوی · 230 ھA hadith scholar, memorizer and jurist from Isfara'in, known for his extract on Sahih Muslim. He was the first to spread the Shafi'i school in Isfara'in.البربهاري الحسن بن علي
847 عیسوی · 233 ھA Hanbali, named after barbahar, a drug imported from India.ابن الأعرابي أحمد بن محمد
861 عیسوی · 246 ھA hadith scholar, memorizer, historian and ascetic Sufi from Basra, learned in hadith and biographical classes.ابن الأخرم
864 عیسوی · 250 ھHadith scholar of Nishapur in the fourth century AH.خيثمة بن سليمان الأطرابلسي
864 عیسوی · 250 ھThe traditionist and hafiz Abu al-Hasan Khaythama ibn Sulayman al-Qurashi of Tripoli in Syria, a leading transmitter of Syria in his age; he travelled widely in search of hadith and died at Tripoli.البرقي أبو بكر أحمد بن عبد الله
Egyptian hadith scholar, historian and jurist known as al-Hafiz al-Barqi; died 270 AH (883 CE).ابن ماجه
The muhaddith of Qazvin, author of the Sunan counted by later scholars as the sixth of the six books; he travelled for hadith to Iraq, the Hijaz, al-Sham and Egypt, and his collection is noted for renunciation and tribulation reports not found in the two Sahihs.الإسماعيلي أبو بكر أحمد بن إبراهيم
890 عیسوی · 277 ھA memorizer and hadith scholar of Jurjan, raised by his father and educated by the scholars of Jurjan.البزار أبو الطاهر عبد الواحد بن عمر
891 عیسوی · 278 ھBaghdadi reader and grammarian of the late fourth century AH, who died in 349 AH (961 CE); the sources differ on his birth year.الأبهري أبو بكر محمد بن عبد الله
901 عیسوی · 289 ھA Maliki jurist who combined the Qur'anic readings, high-grade chains of transmission and sound jurisprudence; from Abhar, between Qazvin and Zanjan.عثمان بن سعيد الأنماطي
The Baghdadi traditionist Abu al-Qasim Uthman ibn Said ibn Bashshar al-Anmati, named after the anmat (floor coverings and cushions); he died in 288 AH.الجريري المعافى بن زكريا
917 عیسوی · 305 ھA scholar from Nahrawan, known as al-Jurayri and Ibn Tarar, who wrote on language and hadith.ابن بطة العكبري عبيد الله بن محمد
917 عیسوی · 304 ھBorn in Ukbara near Baghdad, a Hanbali jurist and hadith scholar.البيكندي أحمد بن علي
923 عیسوی · 311 ھA scholar of Bikand, from which he takes his nisba. He died in 404 AH.ابن أخي ربيع الصباغ الكلابي
A scholar of Cordoba, client of the Umayyads, known as Ibn Akhi Rabi al-Sabbagh, who studied in al-Andalus.أبو محمد عبد الله الأصيلي
936 عیسوی · 324 ھThe Maliki traditionist, jurist and judge Abu Muhammad Abd Allah ibn Ibrahim al-Asili of al-Andalus, one of the leading transmitters and jurists of his time; he grew up at Asila near Tangier before returning to al-Andalus.ابن بكير أبو عبد الله الحسين بن أحمد
938 عیسوی · 327 ھBaghdadi hadith memorist known only from reports of his transmission and of his teachers; died 388 AH (998 CE).عبد الغني بن سعيد الأزدي
تقریباً 941 عیسوی · تقریباً 329 ھ†Hadith memoriser of Egypt, from a family known for hadith transmission.أبو نعيم الأصبهاني أحمد بن عبد الله
948 عیسوی · 336 ھA memorizing hadith scholar from Isfahan and a major compiler of hadith; he was distinguished by high-grade narration in the last years of his life.البرقاني أحمد بن محمد
948 عیسوی · 336 ھA Shafi'i jurist from Khwarazm, known as al-Barqani after the village of Barqan near Kath.الحليمي أبو عبد الله الحسين بن الحسن
949 عیسوی · 338 ھScholar of the fourth century AH; born 338 AH (949 CE), died 403 AH (1012 CE).البشتي أبو حامد أحمد بن محمد الخارزنجي
Scholar of Nishapur, named after the district of Busht and the village of Kharazanj; died 348 AH (959 CE).أبو العباس عبد الله الأبياني
A scholar of Ifriqiya in the fourth century AH. Al-Asili and Abu al-Hasan al-Qabisi were among those who narrated from him; his lifetime spanned the late Aghlabid and early Fatimid periods.عبد الوهاب بن علي البغدادي
973 عیسوی · 362 ھA Maliki jurist, legal theorist, hadith scholar and poet from Baghdad, known as Ibn Nasr.الآبري أبو الحسن
Hadith scholar, memoriser and historian from Sijistan who travelled to Syria, Khurasan and al-Jazira to hear traditions.الخليلي أبو يعلى الخليل بن عبد الله
تقریباً 980 عیسوی · 370 ھHadith scholar, born about 370 AH (980 CE, estimated) and died 446 AH (1055 CE).البيهقي أبو بكر أحمد بن الحسين
994 عیسوی · 384 ھImam, hadith memorist, legal theorist and jurist Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn al-Husayn al-Bayhaqi of Khusrawjird in Khurasan; born 384 AH (994 CE), died 458 AH (1066 CE).الخطيب البغدادي أحمد بن علي
1002 عیسوی · 392 ھA hadith scholar, historian and memorizer from a village near the Nahr al-Malik, author of the History of Baghdad.أبو إسحاق الشيرازي
تقریباً 1003 عیسوی · 393 ھA Shafi'i jurist and usulist, author of Tabaqat al-fuqaha and al-Muhadhdhab; born at Firuzabad in 393 AH, studied in Fars, Basra and Baghdad, and became one of the leading Shafi'i jurists of his time; he declined the chief qadiship when the caliph offered it.الأنصاري الهروي عبد الله بن محمد
1005 عیسوی · 396 ھA memorizer, historian, hadith scholar, Sufi and Qur'an commentator from Herat, a Hanbali who traced his lineage to Abu Ayyub al-Ansari.ابن البطر أبو الخطاب نصر بن أحمد
1007 عیسوی · 398 ھOf Baghdad, named after the Gharba quarter and known as al-Bazzaz; died 494 AH (1100 CE).الباجي أبو الوليد سليمان بن خلف
1012 عیسوی · 403 ھA hadith scholar, jurist, man of letters, poet, theologian and legal theorist from Beja in al-Andalus, a Maliki.الحميدي محمد بن فتوح
1029 عیسوی · 420 ھHistorian, man of letters, jurist and hadith scholar who followed the Zahiri school, devoted to learning and asceticism; born 420 AH (1029 CE), died 488 AH (1095 CE).علي بن عبد الغني الفهري
1029 عیسوی · 420 ھA blind poet and reciter, born in al-Andalus, with the kunya Abu al-Hasan.الجياني الحسين بن محمد
1035 عیسوی · 427 ھImam, hadith memorist and traditionist of al-Andalus, named after Jaen where his father lived for a time, of Madinat al-Zahra origin; died 498 AH (1105 CE).الأجدابي حسين بن أبي العباس
Maliki jurist, reciter and hadith transmitter of Qayrawan, originally from Ajdabiya in Libya, who studied with the masters of the Qayrawan school.البغوي الحسين بن محمد
1044 عیسوی · 436 ھA hadith scholar and jurist from the town of Baghh in Khurasan, between Marw and Herat. His works include Sharh al-Sunna.هبة الله بن الأكفاني
1052 عیسوی · 444 ھThe Damascene traditionist, hafiz, Shafi'i jurist and historian Abu Muhammad Hibat Allah ibn Ahmad, known as Ibn al-Akfani; born at Damascus in 444 AH and famed for his memorization of hadith.الأنصاري السرقسطي إسماعيل بن خلف
A reciter, grammarian and man of letters from Zaragoza in al-Andalus, who moved to Egypt and settled there.قوام السنة إسماعيل بن محمد
1064 عیسوی · 457 ھFrom Isfahan and descended from Talha ibn Ubayd Allah. He was learned in tafsir, hadith, jurisprudence, the readings, language and literature.الأزجاني ناصح الدين
1068 عیسوی · 460 ھScholar from Arjan in Persia who died in 544 AH.ابن خميس الحسين بن نصر
1073 عیسوی · 466 ھA hadith scholar and jurist from Mosul, of the Juhayna tribe, born in 466 AH and died in 552 AH.ابن الأجدابي إبراهيم بن إسماعيل
A jurist from Tripoli in Libya, named after the town of Ajdabiya. The sources give only a brief biography, and his death is given as around 470 AH.الإسفراييني عماد الدين
Shafi'i scholar from Isfara'in who died in 471 AH.الأزدي القرطبي
1093 عیسوی · 486 ھAndalusi scholar of Cordoba from whom students took hadith.محمد بن علي الأنصاري الجياني
1098 عیسوی · 492 ھThe traditionist, Qur'an commentator and reader Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ali al-Ansari al-Jayyani, born at Jaen in al-Andalus in 492 AH; he travelled east and settled at Damascus, where he taught the Qur'an.الحلواني النهرواني سليمان بن عبد الله
Came to Baghdad as a boy, studied grammar with al-Thamanini and philology with Ibn al-Dahhan, and heard hadith; died 493 AH (1100 CE).ابن بشكوال خلف بن عبد الملك
1101 عیسوی · 494 ھAn Andalusian historian and hadith scholar, author of al-Silla, a biographical dictionary of al-Andalus' scholars.ابن خير الإشبيلي
1108 عیسوی · 502 ھAn Andalusian scholar from Seville, a client of Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Ya'mur, and a hadith transmitter known for a well-known index of his transmissions.الجنابذي عبد العزيز بن محمود
1129 عیسوی · 524 ھA hadith scholar and jurist of Baghdad, of the Janabadh family, known for learning in Baghdad.مصعب الخشني
1139 عیسوی · 535 ھA scholar of the Maghrib who studied with Abd al-Haqq al-Ishbili in Bejaia.ابن الأثير الجزري
1149 عیسوی · 544 ھThe hadith scholar and jurist Majd al-Din Abu al-Sa'adat al-Mubarak ibn Muhammad al-Jazari al-Shaybani, the eldest of the three Ibn al-Athir brothers; he served the chanceries of the Jazira and Mosul, and after gout crippled him he produced most of his works by dictation, among them 'al-Nihaya fi Gharib al-Hadith' and 'Jami' al-Usul'.ابن خليل الدمشقي أبو الحجاج يوسف
1160 عیسوی · 555 ھShams al-Din Abu al-Hajjaj Yusuf ibn Khalil of Damascus and later Aleppo; born 555 AH (1160 CE) and died 648 AH (1250 CE).علي بن إسماعيل الأبياري
1161 عیسوی · 557 ھFrom Abyar in the Gharbiya province of Egypt; born in 557 AH and died in 616 AH. The biographical dictionaries record him in works on homonymous names.البيضاوي عبد الله بن عمر
1172 عیسوی · 568 ھA jurist, Qur'an commentator, theologian and legal theorist, author of Anwar al-Tanzil.الثقفي الجياني محمد بن الحسن
1174 عیسوی · 570 ھPreacher, reader, hadith scholar and man of letters of Jaen in al-Andalus, who travelled through the southern cities; died 663 AH (1264 CE).الإربلي أبو الفضل
1179 عیسوی · 575 ھShafi'i jurist of Mosul who studied the religious sciences in the Zengid period.سالم بن فضل باعفضل
A scholar from Tarim in Hadramawt, descended from Sa'd al-Ashira. He died in 581 AH.الإربلي أحمد بن الحسين
1193 عیسوی · 589 ھA scholar from Irbil, one of the learned men of the seventh century AH.ابن أبي الأحوص الحسين بن عبد العزيز
1206 عیسوی · 603 ھA reciter, Qur'an commentator, hadith scholar and Arabic grammarian. Born in Jaen and settled in Granada; known as Ibn al-Nazir.ابن التين عبد الواحد بن عمر
A scholar from Sfax in Tunisia, known as Ibn al-Tin.ابن خمير علي بن أحمد
An Umayyad scholar from Ceuta, known as Ibn Khumayr.الأبرقوهي أحمد بن إسحاق
1218 عیسوی · 615 ھJudge of Abarquh and a Shafi'i scholar, hadith transmitter and Sufi; born in Abarquh in Fars and died in Egypt.ابن الأثير عز الدين
The historian and hadith scholar Izz al-Din Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad al-Jazari al-Shaybani; author of 'al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh', the annalistic chronicle from the creation to his own day, 'Asad al-Ghaba fi Ma'rifat al-Sahaba' and 'al-Lubab fi Tahdhib al-Ansab', living retired for scholarship at Mosul.البرجيني
Maliki jurist from Tunisia, among the notable Maliki jurists of his age, who studied with a pupil of al-Mazari at Mahdiya; died 630 AH.ابن جماعة بدر الدين محمد بن إبراهيم
1241 عیسوی · 639 ھA Shafi'i jurist, hadith scholar and grammarian, among the leading scholars of Cairo and Damascus in his time.الجعبري أبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن عمر
1242 عیسوی · 640 ھReader of the Qur'an known in Baghdad as Taqi al-Din and elsewhere as Burhan al-Din; died 732 AH (1332 CE).الأخسيكثي حسام الدين
Scholar from Akhsikath in the Fergana valley who died in 644 AH.الأسترابادي الحسن بن محمد
1247 عیسوی · 645 ھFrom Astarabad in Mazandaran; born in 645 AH and died in 715 AH.الأصبحي، أبو الحسين علي بن أحمد بن أسعد
1247 عیسوی · 644 ھA Yemeni jurist and hadith scholar from Ta'izz who excelled in Islamic jurisprudence, studied hadith, and was trained in fiqh by several teachers of his age.ابن الجزري محمد بن إبراهيم
1259 عیسوی · 658 ھOriginally from Jazirat Ibn Umar, one of the leading authorities on the readings and hadith of his time.ابن بري علي بن محمد
تقریباً 1261 عیسوی · 660 ھMaghrebi reader, jurist, grammarian and writer from Taza who headed the chancery at Fez under the Marinid sultan Abu Sa'id, taught readings at the Qarawiyyin, and influenced the science of recitation through his poem al-Durar al-Lawami.الحلبي قطب الدين عبد الكريم بن عبد النور
1266 عیسوی · 664 ھHadith memorist of celebrated standing, of Aleppine origin who settled in Egypt; born 664 AH (1266 CE), died 735 AH (1335 CE).التجيبي السبتي أبو القاسم بن يوسف
1267 عیسوی · 666 ھScholar of Valencian origin, born in Ceuta in 666 AH (1267 CE) and raised there; died 730 AH (1329 CE).ابن بلبان علاء الدين علي
1276 عیسوی · 675 ھScholar known as al-Farisi, born 675 AH (1276 CE) and died 739 AH (1339 CE).الإربلي أبو المعالي
1287 عیسوی · 686 ھScholar of Mosul in the eighth century AH, active in religious learning and letters.البخاري علاء الدين
Hanafi jurist from Bukhara; died 1331 CE (the printed Hijri year does not match and is not recorded).ابن رجب الحنبلي
تقریباً 1335 عیسوی · ربیع الاول 736 ھThe Hanbali hadith master and jurist Zayn al-Din Abu al-Faraj Abd al-Rahman ibn Ahmad, known as Ibn Rajab after his grandfather Rajab; born in Baghdad in 736 AH, moved to Damascus in 744, travelled for learning to Egypt, the Hijaz and Jerusalem, and died in Damascus in 795 AH. Author of 'Jami' al-Ulum wal-Hikam'.الأبي محمد بن خلفة
تقریباً 1344 عیسوی · تقریباً 745 ھ†A Maliki usuli scholar from the Maghrib, known for the rational sciences, memorization and rigorous editing; named after the village of Abba in Tunisia.الإشبيلي، أبو إسحاق الغافقي، إبراهيم بن أحمد
A Qur'an reader and grammarian from Seville who memorized the Qur'an with its readings in Ceuta, after his family moved there, and studied Arabic grammar under Ibn Abi al-Rabi'.الأردبيلي جمال الدين
Shafi'i jurist from Ardabil in Azerbaijan who died in 779 AH.البابرتي أكمل الدين
Hanafi jurist and theologian who worked in Cairo under the Mamluk sultans; died 786 AH.عبد الرحمن الثعالبي
1385 عیسوی · 786 ھAn Algerian scholar linked to the Tha'aliba tribe, who lived on the Mitija plain.التباني جلال الدين بن أحمد
Scholar of Cairo, named al-Tabbani after his residence outside the city; died 793 AH (1391 CE).البقاعي إبراهيم بن عمر
1406 عیسوی · 809 ھA Shafi'i scholar and hadith specialist from the Biqa' valley, born in 809 AH and died in 885 AH. Among his works is Nazm al-Durar on the coherence of the verses and suras.التنسي محمد بن عبد الله
1417 عیسوی · 820 ھA memorizing scholar from Tlemcen, probably born in Madin.الأشموني، علي بن محمد بن عيسى
تقریباً 1435 عیسوی · تقریباً 838 ھ†A Shafi'i jurist of Cairo who memorized al-Nawawi's Minhaj, al-Subki's Jam' al-Jawami' and Ibn Malik's Alfiyya, and studied with many scholars of his age.البسيلي أبو العباس أحمد بن محمد
Scholar from Algeria who settled and was buried in Tunis, and is linked with the transmission of Ibn Arafa's commentary; died 1437 CE.حسين بن صديق الأهدل
1446 عیسوی · 850 ھThe Yemeni scholar Husayn ibn Siddiq al-Ahdal, born at Bayat in 850 AH and died in 903 AH; he left manuscript works.خطيب زاده الرومي
Born in Kastamonu, known by the title Khatib-zada.أخي زاده يوسف أفندي
An Ottoman scholar, also known as Akhi Qalbi, who died at the start of the tenth century AH.رضوان الجنوي
1505 عیسوی · 912 ھA memorizer and transmitter of hadith in Fez, one of the scholars of the Maghrib in the tenth century AH.التاجوري عبد الرحمن بن محمد
Scholar from Tajura near Tripoli in Libya, after which he is named; died 960 AH (1553 CE).البهوتي منصور بن يونس
1591 عیسوی · 1000 ھHanbali jurist, shaykh of the Hanbalis in Egypt in his time, named after Buhut in the Gharbiyya province; wrote extensively on Hanbali law and also on exegesis, legal theory and inheritance; born 1000 AH (1591 CE), died 1051 AH (1641 CE).الأسدي أحمد السمكي
1625 عیسوی · 1035 ھMeccan scholar of the eleventh century AH who grew up in Mecca.برتقيز
1681 عیسوی · 1092 ھHanafi jurist from Zaghwan in Tunisia, versed in legal theory and known for glosses and verse.البليدي أبو عبد الله محمد بن محمد
1685 عیسوی · 1096 ھScholar born in Algeria who moved between the Maghrib, al-Andalus and Tunisia, named after the town of Bulayda; died 1763 CE.أحمد بن حمى الله التيشيتي
1695 عیسوی · 1107 ھA Mauritanian scholar known by the nisba of his homeland, Tishit, and descended from the Sharif Ahmad.ابن حمادوش عبد الرزاق بن محمد
1695 عیسوی · 1107 ھAn Algerian scholar known for his interest in the sciences, who left a well-known autobiography.إبراهيم حقي الأرضروملي
1703 عیسوی · 1115 ھAn Ottoman scholar from Erzurum. He returned there after his father's death to complete his education, then served one of his teachers at Nilüfer.الأصابي، أحمد بن عبد الله السلمي
A scholar of Zabid in Yemen, named after Dhu Asab near Zabid, who studied his sciences in Zabid under Shaykh Abdallah al-Mizjaji.سليمان بن عمر الأهدل
1725 عیسوی · 1137 ھThe Yemeni traditionist Abu al-Mahasin Sulayman ibn Umar al-Ahdal al-Zabidi, born at Zabid in 1137 AH and known as the traditionist of Yemen; he wrote works including a commentary on a versified treatise on hadith terminology.سليمان الحوات
1747 عیسوی · 1160 ھFrom a noble family of Fez, one of the scholars of the Maghrib in the thirteenth century AH.سيدي بن المختار الأبيري
تقریباً 1760 عیسوی · تقریباً 1173 ھ†A Mauritanian scholar from a learned family, born near Btalmit. He studied the Qur'an, grammar, rhetoric, logic and creed, then travelled widely in pursuit of learning.البناني عبد الرحمن بن جاد الله
Named after Bannan, a village in Syria. A scholar of Syria.يوسف الأسير
1817 عیسوی · 1232 ھFrom a family of Sidon known by the nickname al-Asir. He grew up in Sidon, memorized the Qur'an and went to Damascus in 1832 to study.شهاب الدين الحلواني أحمد بن أحمد
1833 عیسوی · 1249 ھA Shafi'i and Khalwati scholar from Egypt.أحمد الحملاوي
1856 عیسوی · 1273 ھBorn in a village of the Belbeis district of the Sharqiyya governorate, and graduated from Dar al-Ulum in Cairo.محمود شكري الألوسي
1856 عیسوی · 1273 ھThe Baghdadi scholar Mahmud Shukri ibn Abd Allah al-Alusi, of a Baghdad family of scholars; he devoted himself to editing and publishing the classical heritage, and his grandfather was the author of the tafsir 'Ruh al-Ma'ani'.الجنداري أحمد بن عبد الله
1862 عیسوی · 1279 ھA Yemeni scholar, known as al-Janadari after the town of al-Janad.باكثير
1867 عیسوی · 1283 ھScholar from the Ba Kathir family of Hadramawt, a family known for its learning and for mosques at Tarim and Seiyun.طنطاوي جوهري
1870 عیسوی · 1287 ھAn Egyptian Islamic scholar with contributions to Qur'anic commentary and the natural sciences.محمد الأمين المثقب
1875 عیسوی · 1292 ھA Mauritanian scholar and teacher from a learned family.محمد الأمين الشنقيطي
1875 عیسوی · 1292 ھA Mauritanian scholar from a learned family, known for his teaching and learning in the Shinqit region.حسين بن عبد الله باسلامة
1881 عیسوی · 1299 ھA scholar from Mecca, born there in 1299 AH, who memorized the Qur'an in one of its kuttab schools.عبد الحميد بن باديس
1889 عیسوی · 1307 ھAn Algerian scholar and leader of the reform movement, born in Constantine in 1889 and died in 1940.محمد بن عبد الله بليهد
1892 عیسوی · 1310 ھA Saudi scholar born in 1310 AH from the Bulayhid family of Najd, recorded in modern biographical sources.التواتي محمد البشير بن محمد الطاهر
Scholar of Bejaia origin raised in Tunis, named al-Tawwati after a pious man of Tuwat with whom he was associated; died 1311 AH (1893 CE).محمد سعيد رمضان البوطي
1894 عیسوی · 1311 ھA prominent Muslim scholar: a legal theorist, jurist, reformer, philologist and editor, born in Damascus into an old family.أمين الخولي
1895 عیسوی · 1313 ھBorn in Sharshay, a village in the Minufiya province of Egypt.ابن باز عبد العزيز بن عبد الله
1912 عیسوی · 1330 ھA Saudi scholar born in Riyadh in 1330 AH. He lost his sight during his early studies.الألباني محمد ناصر الدين
1914 عیسوی · 1333 ھA well-known hadith scholar of Albanian origin and Syrian nationality, distinguished in the authentication and grading of hadiths and in hadith jurisprudence.جاد الحق بن علي جاد الحق
1917 عیسوی · 1335 ھJurist of legal theory and judge, forty-second Grand Imam of al-Azhar; born in Dakahlia province in 1335 AH (1917 CE) and died 1416 AH (1995 CE).عبد الرحمن بن عسيلة الصنابحي
عبد الله بن مالك الجيشاني
عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص
A Companion of Banu Sahm, a prolific transmitter of hadith who used to write; Abu Hurayra said none had more hadith than he except Abdullah ibn Amr, because he wrote; he embraced Islam before his father, and the two collections tell his story of fasting by day and praying by night.عبد الله بن عمر بن الخطاب
The son of the caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab and Zaynab bint Maz'un; he embraced Islam young with his father and emigrated, was presented to the Prophet at Badr and Uhud and turned back as too young, and was accepted at al-Khandaq; he is one of the great narrators of hadith and was known for following the Prophet's footsteps; he died in 73 AH on the majority view, some say 74 AH.أبو الدرداء عويمر
Uwaymir al-Ansari al-Khazraji, known by his kunya; it is said he embraced Islam the day of Badr, he fought well at Uhud, where the Prophet said 'what a fine horseman Uwaymir is' and called him the wise man of his community; he had been a merchant before the mission; he died in 32 AH on the account of al-Waqidi and others, and hadith scholars hold it was in Uthman's caliphate.أبو بكر الخلال
He gathered Imam Ahmad's transmitted answers and wrote them down with their chains of transmission in the book al-Jami', which counts as the foundation of the school, and so prepared the way for the writing down of Hanbali jurisprudence.أحمد بن حنبل، وعند ابن النديم أبو عبد الله أحمد بن حنبل وله كتاب العلل {cite:fihrist-ibn-al-nadim p. 320}
An imam and hadith scholar who compiled the Musnad; eponym of the Hanbali school, which gives precedence to the revealed text and transmitted reports. He wrote only one treatise on jurisprudence, on prayer, while his students wrote more than thirty volumes of his words and fatwas.البغوي أحمد بن منيع
One of the hadith memorists, companion of Abu Ubayd al-Qasim ibn Sallam, known as Ibn Bint Mani after his maternal grandfather.البغوي أبو الحسن علي بن العزيز
Hadith scholar who transmitted from al-Nasa'i, Abd Allah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Musa ibn Harun, among others; al-Husayn al-Nisaburi, known as al-Qabbani, transmitted from him.البزماوي شمس الدين محمد
Scholar of law, Arabic grammar and inheritance who was shaykh of the Fakhriyya school in Cairo, taught at the Salahiyya in Jerusalem, and composed verse works on legal theory, inheritance and prosody; he made the Hajj in 828 AH (1424 CE).الحارث الأعور
الإسبيجابي أبو نصر
Hanafi jurist of Transoxiana, remembered for piety and good character in the pursuit of learning.المقدام بن معدي كرب
A Companion who lived in Syria, called Abu Karima (or Abu Yahya); he settled at Homs and narrated from the Prophet, Khalid ibn al-Walid, Mu'adh and Abu Ayyub; when told that people claimed he never saw the Prophet he swore he had, and that the Prophet had taken him by the lobe of his ear; Ibn Sa'd lists him among the Syrians and says he died in 87 AH aged ninety-one.الإمام النووي
The jurist and ascetic Imam Abu Zakariyya Yahya al-Nawawi; compiler of the 'Arba'un', forty-two concise hadiths built on Ibn al-Salah's twenty-six, which became one of the most memorised and commented collections in Islam.عمرو بن الحارث أبو أمية
عمرو بن حزم
An Ansari, brother of Umara ibn Hazm; he took part in al-Khandaq and later campaigns, and the Prophet appointed him over Najran; his son Muhammad narrated from him a letter the Prophet wrote for him on the obligations, zakat and blood-money, which Abu Dawud, al-Nasa'i, Ibn Hibban and al-Darimi record; Abu Nu'aym says he died under Umar, while Ibn Hajar judges it likelier that he lived past the fifties AH.أسد السنة
Egyptian hadith transmitter of the second century AH.بكير بن عبد الله بن الأشج
ابن الصلاح
The hadith master Abu Amr ibn al-Salah; author of the dictation 'al-Ahadith al-Kulliyya', twenty-six comprehensive hadiths on which al-Nawawi built his 'Arba'un'.الحربي
Author of Gharib al-Hadith and Dala'il al-Nubuwwa, and one of those who transmitted Imam Ahmad's school from him.جابر بن عبد الله
A Companion of the Ansar, son of Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Haram and one of the great transmitters of hadith; he was present at al-Aqaba and took part in nineteen expeditions, but not Badr or Uhud because his father kept him back; he held a circle of learning in the Prophet's Mosque.كعب بن عجرة
An ally of the Ansar from Bali of Quda'a (al-Waqidi claimed he was an Ansari and Ibn Sa'd rejected it); he was on the umra of al-Hudaybiyya, and the ruling on redemption was revealed over him when the Prophet passed him in ihram with lice falling on his face and told him to shave his head and feed six poor people; he settled in Kufa and died in Medina in 51, 52 or 53 AH by different accounts.خولة بنت ثعلبة
An Ansari Companion who complained to the Prophet of her husband Aws ibn al-Samit's zihar and laid out her case and her children's, so the opening verses of Surat al-Mujadila were revealed concerning her, carrying the expiation ruling; Umar ibn al-Khattab once greeted her and told the people she was the woman whose plea God heard from above seven heavens.مرثد بن عبد الله اليزني
مسدد بن مسرهد
سالم مولى أبي حذيفة
One of the earliest Muslims; a woman of the Ansar freed him and he attached himself to Abu Hudhayfa, who adopted him, then he was returned to his own clients when the verse in al-Ahzab about adoption was revealed; he led the first emigrants in prayer at the mosque of Quba, among them Abu Bakr and Umar, and the story of his being nursed because of Sahla bint Suhayl is well known.أبي بن كعب، وعند ابن النديم أن تأليف السور في قراءته كان بالبصرة في قرية الأنصار عند محمد بن عبد الملك الأنصاري وأن مصحفه مائة وست عشرة سورة فيها سورتا الخلع والحفد وأن جميع آي القرآن في قوله ستة آلاف ومائتان وعشر آيات {cite:fihrist-ibn-al-nadim p. 67-68}
The 'master of the reciters' among the Ansar, present at the second pledge of al-Aqaba, at Badr and in all the campaigns; the Prophet told him that God had commanded him to recite to him, and Umar called him the master of the Muslims; the date of his death is given from 19 AH to 32 AH, and Abu Nu'aym favours the caliphate of Uthman.يحيى بن يحيى الليثي
152 ھFrom al-Andalus; he came to Imam Malik in Medina and studied the Muwatta with him. His recension became the most widely read transmission of the book in the Maghrib and al-Andalus.
واقعہ
فترة الوحي
تقریباً 610 عیسویThe pause in revelation after the first descent at Hira — days rather than years in the reading of Ibn Sa'd via Ibn Abbas that the book prefers — ending when Jibril appeared seated on a throne between heaven and earth and surat al-Muddaththir came down with the command to rise and warn.نزول جبريل بالوحي مرة ثانية: أوائل المدثر
تقریباً 610 عیسویAfter the pause in revelation the Prophet heard a voice from heaven and saw the angel who had come to him at Hira seated on a throne between heaven and earth; he returned home asking to be wrapped, and God sent down the opening of surat al-Muddaththir with the command to rise and warn, after which revelation came thick and fast; the author reads in its commands the substance of the call.بدء الوحي في غار حراء
10 اگست 610 عیسوی · 21 رمضان 12 قبل ہجرتThe descent of Jibril upon the Prophet in the cave of Hira with the opening verses of surat al-Alaq — on the night of Monday 21 Ramadan in the book's preferred reckoning, corresponding to 10 August 610 CE, when the Prophet was forty lunar years, six months and twelve days old.سجدة النجم
تقریباً 615 عیسویIn Ramadan of the fifth year, before a great assembly of Quraysh's chiefs in the sanctuary, the Prophet recited surat al-Najm; when he reached its closing prostration and prostrated, none present held back and all fell prostrate — Muslims and polytheists alike, as Bukhari reports.حادثة الإفك
تقریباً دسمبر 627 عیسوی · شعبان 6 ھOn the return from the Expedition of al-Muraysi', Aisha was accidentally left behind when searching for a lost necklace and was escorted back to Medina by Safwan ibn al-Mu'attal; Abdullah ibn Ubayy orchestrated a malicious slander campaign that troubled the community for a month until verses of Surat al-Nur established her innocence.خطبة عمر الجمعة في آية الرجم وبيعة أبي بكر
تقریباً 12 جون 632 عیسوی · تقریباً ربیع الاول 11 ھOn the first Friday after the death Umar recalled a verse of stoning, which he said had been in God's book and had been recited, memorised and applied, and feared that someone might say there is no stoning in God's book; he then called the pledge to Abu Bakr a sudden act that God had averted the harm of, and said whoever pledges to a man without consultation has no pledge, nor has the one he pledged to.توحيد المصحف في خلافة عثمان
تقریباً 650 عیسوی · تقریباً 30 ھHudhayfa ibn al-Yaman, alarmed at the readers' divergence during the Armenia-Azerbaijan campaign, pressed Uthman to save the community before it split over the Book; Uthman borrowed Hafsa's codex, commissioned Zayd ibn Thabit and three Qurashis to copy it into masahif — 'write it in the tongue of Quraysh' — sent a copy to every garrison city and ordered all other codices burned.جائزة دبي الدولية للقرآن الكريم
Dubai's annual Qur'an-memorisation award and contest since 1997, drawing reciters from a hundred-plus countries.
تصنیف
سيرة ابن إسحاق برواية ابن هشام
The earliest surviving continuous biography of the Prophet; composed by Muhammad ibn Ishaq (d. 151 AH) and abridged/recast by Abd al-Malik ibn Hisham (d. 213 or 218 AH) — the text known as Ibn Hisham's Sira.الأحاديث الكلية
A dictation session by the hadith master Abu Amr ibn al-Salah gathering the comprehensive hadiths on which the religion is said to turn — twenty-six in all — which al-Nawawi took and expanded into his 'Arba'un'.الأربعون النووية
The famous collection of concise hadiths that Imam Abu Zakariyya Yahya al-Nawawi took from Ibn al-Salah's 'al-Ahadith al-Kulliyya' (twenty-six hadiths) and expanded to forty-two, naming it 'al-Arba'un'; widely memorised and much commented upon.جامع الترمذي
The Jami' of Abu 'Isa Muhammad ibn 'Isa al-Tirmidhi (d. 279 AH): one of the six books, distinguished by grading each report (sahih, hasan, gharib) and noting the jurists' positions under every chapter; it closes with the Book of al-Shama'il al-Muhammadiyya on the Prophet's description.جامع العلوم والحكم
Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali's (d. 795 AH) commentary on fifty hadiths: the twenty-six of Ibn al-Salah's 'al-Ahadith al-Kulliyya', which al-Nawawi brought to forty-two in his 'Arba'un', plus eight hadiths Ibn Rajab added himself to reach fifty, naming it Jami' al-Ulum wal-Hikam.الموطأ
The Muwatta of Imam Malik ibn Anas (d. 179 AH): one of the earliest hadith and jurisprudence works arranged by chapter, compiled in Medina. Its most widely read transmission is the recension of Yahya ibn Yahya al-Laythi.نور الاقتباس في مشكاة وصية النبي لابن عباس
A standalone treatise by Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali devoted to the commentary of Ibn Abbas's hadith 'O boy, I shall teach you words: guard God and He will guard you...', the nineteenth of al-Nawawi's Forty; in the Jami' al-Ulum wal-Hikam Ibn Rajab says the hadith comprises great counsels and universal maxims among the religion's most important matters and that he 'devoted a large separate portion to its commentary' — the printed book bearing this title.القرآن
The scripture of Islam, which Muslims believe was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad; 114 suras and 6,236 verses in the Hafs reading as given by the Tanzil text.صحيح البخاري
The Jami' al-Musnad al-Sahih of Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari (d. 256 AH): the best-known chapter-arranged hadith collection, distilled from the hundreds of thousands of reports its author gathered on his journeys, with the chapter headings themselves taught as lessons in jurisprudence.صحيح مسلم
The Musnad al-Sahih of Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj al-Naysaburi (d. 261 AH): the second most celebrated hadith collection, famed for gathering the variant transmissions of each report in one place and for its introductory essay that became a founding text of hadith method.سنن أبي داود
The Sunan of Abu Dawud Sulayman ibn al-Ash'ath al-Sijistani (202–275 AH): one of the six books, arranged by legal chapter and restricted to reports bearing on rulings; his letter to the people of Mecca, prefixed to the work, explains what he included and omitted.سنن النسائي
The Sunan al-Sughra of Ahmad ibn Shu'ayb al-Nasa'i (215–303 AH): one of the six books, famed for its attention to hidden defects and transmitters' errors — said to be the subtlest of them in that regard — distilled by its author from his larger Sunan.سنن ابن ماجه
The Sunan of Ibn Majah Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Qazwini (d. 273 AH): counted sixth of the six books by later scholars, noted for its renunciation and tribulation material and for reports absent from the two Sahihs; the standard print is Muhammad Fu'ad Abd al-Baqi's (Cairo, 1952–1953).طبقات الفقهاء
Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi's biographical dictionary of jurists by generations, focusing on the Shafi'i school and on the transmission of teaching within it.
نادر شے
المصحف الأزرق
A 9th–10th-century Kufic Qur'an in gold on indigo-blue vellum — the most beautiful known Andalusi-Maghrebi mushaf, dispersed across museums.مصحف سمرقند الكوفي
The great Kufic mushaf attributed to Uthman (8th–9th c.) kept in Tashkent — among the oldest Qur'ans extant, holding about half the text.
تصور
أحرف الجمل على أسماء ملوك مدين
al-Mas'udi's etymology of the abjad numeral letters — the 29 letters of the abjad order named after six kings of Shu'ayb's people: Abjad of Mecca and the Hijaz, Hawwaz and Hutti of Wajj (the Ta'if and Najd lands), and Kalamn, Sa'fas and Qursht of Madyan or Egypt.الأحرف السبعة
The Prophet's saying 'the Qur'an was revealed in seven ahruf, so read of it what is easy' — narrated through Umar's dispute with Hisham ibn Hakim over Surat al-Furqan; its exact meaning is one of the widest debates in Qur'anic sciences.الحديث النبوي
Hadith is what is transmitted of the Prophet's words, deeds, tacit approvals and descriptions, reaching us through a chain of narrators ending at him; it is Islam's second source after the Qur'an, expounding its generals and fixing the details of worship, dealings, biography and conduct. It was gathered into works arranged by legal chapter or by narrator's musnad, most famously the six books.الشمائل المحمدية
Shama'il is the hadith genre gathering what is transmitted of the Prophet's form and character — his hair, gait, speech, food, gathering, laughter and weeping: the complete physical and moral portrait as his family and Companions conveyed it. Its most famous compilation is al-Tirmidhi's Shama'il Muhammadiyya, with which he closed his Jami', until it circulated and was commented on as a discipline of its own.السيرة النبوية
The Prophetic sira is the transmitted history of the Prophet's life: his birth and upbringing, his call in Mecca, the Hijra, his campaigns and his death, with the connected record of his Companions and family. It grew out of the maghazi and athar reports transmitted by isnad in Ibn Ishaq's school, then became its own genre chronicling the twenty-three years that changed the world.الأمر والنهي والاستطاعة
The duty of complying with prohibitions by avoidance, and with commands according to one's capacity; in Abu Hurayra's hadith 'what I forbid you, avoid, and what I command you, do of it what you can' — its occasion, per Ibn Rajab, being the questioner who asked when hajj was imposed 'every year?' until he said it three times and was told 'had I said yes it would have been obligatory and you could not have managed'; Ibn Rajab derives from it the prohibition of asking about what is not needed, of asking out of obstinacy, frivolity or mockery, of asking about what God has hidden from His servants, and of questions on the lawful and unlawful that might draw stricter rulings, noting that licence to ask was for bedouins and delegations, not the residents of Medina; and in Abu Sa'id al-Khudri's hadith — the thirty-fourth — the three grades of changing evil by hand, then tongue, then heart, according to capacity, that being the weakest of faith, corroborated by Ibn Masud's report that whoever struggles against the successors who say what they do not do with hand, tongue or heart is a believer, and beyond the heart there is not a mustard-seed of faith (pp. 218–222, 698–699).البدعة والمحدثات
Introducing into religion what the Lawgiver's command did not bring; Ibn Rajab makes Aisha's hadith 'whoever introduces into this matter of ours what is not of it has it rejected' the scale of deeds in their outward form, as the hadith of intentions is their scale inwardly: every act not upon the command of God and His Messenger is thrown back at its doer, and whoever introduces into religion what God and His Messenger did not permit is no part of the religion; he pairs it with al-Irbad ibn Sariya's hadith 'beware of newly introduced matters, for every innovation is an error', deferring the detailed discussion of innovations to his commentary on it (hadith 28); in that commentary he reads 'beware of novelties, for every innovation is error' as a warning to the community against following invented matters, emphasised by the universal 'every innovation is error', and defines the intended innovation as what is introduced with no foundation in the Law to indicate it — whatever does have a legal basis is no innovation in the legal sense though it may be one linguistically; he couples it with Jabir's sermon report in Sahih Muslim 'the worst of matters are their novelties and every innovation is error', with his account of the Rightly Guided as those who know the truth and follow it — unlike the ghawi who knows and does not follow and the dall who does not know at all — and with his reading of 'you will see much disagreement' as foretelling the community's divergence in roots and branches (Jami' al-Ulum wal-Hikam pp. 581–601).الحديث القدسي
A hadith qudsi is what the Prophet related from his Lord, marked in the chains by the formula 'among what he relates from his Lord' — as in Abu Dharr's 'O My servants, I have forbidden injustice to Myself', transmitted by Muslim (2577), the first sacred hadith in al-Nawawi's Forty — while al-Tirmidhi's wording states 'God Almighty says' explicitly; the Imam Ahmad called it the noblest hadith of the people of Syria, and its narrator Abu Idris al-Khawlani would kneel on his knees whenever he transmitted it, as Sa'id ibn Abd al-Aziz related of him from Rabi'a ibn Yazid.طلب العلم
Seeking knowledge in Abu Hurayra's hadith — the thirty-sixth of the Forty — is among the greatest paths to Paradise: 'whoever treads a path seeking knowledge, God will ease for him by it a path to Paradise', and it is paired with gatherings of remembrance in God's houses, where the Book is recited and studied together, upon whom serenity descends, mercy envelopes and the angels surround while God mentions them among those with Him; the hadith closes by making deeds, not lineage, the rescuer — 'whoever is slowed by his deeds, his descent will not speed him along' — so that treading the path of learning and studying the Qur'an in company are means to serenity and divine mention, while reliance on ancestry is answered by the rule of works (Jami' al-Ulum wal-Hikam p. 731).الإسناد
The isnad is the chain of men linking a hadith's text back to the Prophet or a Companion — 'so-and-so told us from so-and-so'; by it the muhaddithun judged a report sound or weak, examining narrators for integrity and precision and the chain for continuity. Muslim opened his Sahih with the isnad's dignity and its guarding against fabrication, so that it came to be counted among this community's distinguishing marks.اتصال الإسناد وثبوت اللقي
The condition held by a majority traditionist school for accepting a chain as connected: that each narrator's hearing of, or meeting with, his own informant be proven — not mere contemporaneity and 'an'ana; Ibn Rajab sets out this principle plainly in his takhrij of 'fear God wherever you are': the view of al-Bukhari, his teacher Ali ibn al-Madini, Abu Zur'a, Abu Hatim and others that a hadith connects only with proven meeting, Ahmad's wording indicating the same and al-Shafi'i stating it in the Risala — all contrary to Muslim's position; the application is Maymun ibn Abi Shabib, the chain's reporter from Abu Dharr and Mu'adh: al-Fallas found no 'I heard' in any of his Companion reports, Abu Hatim declared his routes from Abu Dharr and A'isha unconnected, Abu Dawud held he reached neither A'isha nor Ali — still less Mu'adh — and al-Bukhari narrates nothing from him in his Sahih nor Muslim except in his introduction; hence al-Hakim's grading of the hadith as sound on the two Shaykhs' condition is, for Ibn Rajab, mistaken on both counts, and al-Daraqutni preferred its mursal route.القرآن كلام الله (في العقيدة الطحاوية)
al-Tahawi's statement that the Qur'an is the speech of God, which began from Him without how, sent down on His messenger as revelation, and is not created like human speech.الكتب الستة
The 'six books' of later convention: Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abi Dawud, Jami' al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Nasa'i and Sunan Ibn Majah — the principal chapter-arranged hadith collections that became the community's widest hadith reference from the fifth century; some lists substitute the Muwatta or the Musnad of Ahmad for Ibn Majah.مراتب الوحي
The modes of revelation as Ibn al-Qayyim lists them and al-Raheeq al-Makhtum transmits: true dreams, what the angel casts into the heart, the angel appearing as a man, revelation coming like the ringing of a bell, seeing the angel in his true form, what was revealed above the heavens on the night of the Ascension, and God's speech without an intermediary; some add an eighth mode which the author does not consider established.مواد الدعوة في أوائل المدثر
What al-Raheeq al-Makhtum draws from the commands opening surat al-Muddaththir: warning implies a day of recompense and another life, and the remaining verses demand plain monotheism and entrusting all things to God; so the substance of the call is monotheism, belief in the Last Day, purification of the soul, entrusting affairs to God, all under belief in Muhammad's message.علم مصطلح الحديث
Mustalah al-hadith is the science of the states of chain and text — sahih, hasan, da'if; mawquf, marfu', maqtu'; muttasil, munqati', mu'dal, mursal — and the reconciliation and hidden defects of transmissions. It began in the early muhaddithun's obiter dicta, then gained its own manuals; the earliest surviving systematic statement is Muslim's introduction to his Sahih, later epitomised in works like Ibn al-Salah's Muqaddima.قبول الأخبار
The schools' rules for reports: mutawatir obliging knowledge and action, the single report obliging action but not knowledge — and al-Mas'udi placing tales of the nasnas, the 'anqa and the horse's creation in the realm of the possible, ranking with Isra'iliyyat and sea-marvels.
عبارت
سورة الفاتحة
Sura 1 of the Qur'an, Al-Fatiha, has 7 verses.سورة يونس
Sura 10 of the Qur'an, Yunus, has 109 verses.سورة العاديات
Sura 100 of the Qur'an, Al-Adiyat, has 11 verses.سورة القارعة
Sura 101 of the Qur'an, Al-Qari'a, has 11 verses.سورة التكاثر
Sura 102 of the Qur'an, At-Takathur, has 8 verses.سورة العصر
Sura 103 of the Qur'an, Al-Asr, has 3 verses.سورة الهمزة
Sura 104 of the Qur'an, Al-Humaza, has 9 verses.سورة الفيل
Sura 105 of the Qur'an, Al-Fil, has 5 verses.سورة قريش
Sura 106 of the Qur'an, Quraysh, has 4 verses.سورة الماعون
Sura 107 of the Qur'an, Al-Ma'un, has 7 verses.سورة الكوثر
Sura 108 of the Qur'an, Al-Kawthar, has 3 verses.سورة الكافرون
Sura 109 of the Qur'an, Al-Kafirun, has 6 verses.سورة هود
Sura 11 of the Qur'an, Hud, has 123 verses.سورة النصر
Sura 110 of the Qur'an, An-Nasr, has 3 verses.سورة المسد
Sura 111 of the Qur'an, Al-Masad, has 5 verses.سورة الإخلاص
Sura 112 of the Qur'an, Al-Ikhlas, has 4 verses.سورة الفلق
Sura 113 of the Qur'an, Al-Falaq, has 5 verses.سورة الناس
Sura 114 of the Qur'an, An-Nas, has 6 verses.سورة يوسف
Sura 12 of the Qur'an, Yusuf, has 111 verses.سورة الرعد
Sura 13 of the Qur'an, Ar-Ra'd, has 43 verses.سورة إبراهيم
Sura 14 of the Qur'an, Ibrahim, has 52 verses.سورة الحجر
Sura 15 of the Qur'an, Al-Hijr, has 99 verses.سورة النحل
Sura 16 of the Qur'an, An-Nahl, has 128 verses.سورة الإسراء
Sura 17 of the Qur'an, Al-Isra, has 111 verses.سورة الكهف
Sura 18 of the Qur'an, Al-Kahf, has 110 verses.سورة مريم
Sura 19 of the Qur'an, Maryam, has 98 verses.سورة البقرة
Sura 2 of the Qur'an, Al-Baqara, has 286 verses.سورة طه
Sura 20 of the Qur'an, Ta-Ha, has 135 verses.سورة الأنبياء
Sura 21 of the Qur'an, Al-Anbiya, has 112 verses.سورة الحج
Sura 22 of the Qur'an, Al-Hajj, has 78 verses.سورة المؤمنون
Sura 23 of the Qur'an, Al-Mu'minun, has 118 verses.سورة النور
Sura 24 of the Qur'an, An-Nur, has 64 verses.سورة الفرقان
Sura 25 of the Qur'an, Al-Furqan, has 77 verses.سورة الشعراء
Sura 26 of the Qur'an, Ash-Shu'ara, has 227 verses.سورة النمل
Sura 27 of the Qur'an, An-Naml, has 93 verses.سورة القصص
Sura 28 of the Qur'an, Al-Qasas, has 88 verses.سورة العنكبوت
Sura 29 of the Qur'an, Al-Ankabut, has 69 verses.سورة آل عمران
Sura 3 of the Qur'an, Al Imran, has 200 verses.سورة الروم
Sura 30 of the Qur'an, Ar-Rum, has 60 verses.سورة لقمان
Sura 31 of the Qur'an, Luqman, has 34 verses.سورة السجدة
Sura 32 of the Qur'an, As-Sajda, has 30 verses.سورة الأحزاب
Sura 33 of the Qur'an, Al-Ahzab, has 73 verses.سورة سبأ
Sura 34 of the Qur'an, Saba, has 54 verses.سورة فاطر
Sura 35 of the Qur'an, Fatir, has 45 verses.سورة يس
Sura 36 of the Qur'an, Ya-Sin, has 83 verses.سورة الصافات
Sura 37 of the Qur'an, As-Saffat, has 182 verses.سورة ص
Sura 38 of the Qur'an, Sad, has 88 verses.سورة الزمر
Sura 39 of the Qur'an, Az-Zumar, has 75 verses.سورة النساء
Sura 4 of the Qur'an, An-Nisa, has 176 verses.سورة غافر
Sura 40 of the Qur'an, Ghafir, has 85 verses.سورة فصلت
Sura 41 of the Qur'an, Fussilat, has 54 verses.سورة الشورى
Sura 42 of the Qur'an, Ash-Shura, has 53 verses.سورة الزخرف
Sura 43 of the Qur'an, Az-Zukhruf, has 89 verses.سورة الدخان
Sura 44 of the Qur'an, Ad-Dukhan, has 59 verses.سورة الجاثية
Sura 45 of the Qur'an, Al-Jathiya, has 37 verses.سورة الأحقاف
Sura 46 of the Qur'an, Al-Ahqaf, has 35 verses.سورة محمد
Sura 47 of the Qur'an, Muhammad, has 38 verses.سورة الفتح
Sura 48 of the Qur'an, Al-Fath, has 29 verses.سورة الحجرات
Sura 49 of the Qur'an, Al-Hujurat, has 18 verses.سورة المائدة
Sura 5 of the Qur'an, Al-Ma'ida, has 120 verses.سورة ق
Sura 50 of the Qur'an, Qaf, has 45 verses.سورة الذاريات
Sura 51 of the Qur'an, Adh-Dhariyat, has 60 verses.سورة الطور
Sura 52 of the Qur'an, At-Tur, has 49 verses.سورة النجم
Sura 53 of the Qur'an, An-Najm, has 62 verses.سورة القمر
Sura 54 of the Qur'an, Al-Qamar, has 55 verses.سورة الرحمن
Sura 55 of the Qur'an, Ar-Rahman, has 78 verses.سورة الواقعة
Sura 56 of the Qur'an, Al-Waqi'a, has 96 verses.سورة الحديد
Sura 57 of the Qur'an, Al-Hadid, has 29 verses.سورة المجادلة
Sura 58 of the Qur'an, Al-Mujadila, has 22 verses.سورة الحشر
Sura 59 of the Qur'an, Al-Hashr, has 24 verses.سورة الأنعام
Sura 6 of the Qur'an, Al-An'am, has 165 verses.سورة الممتحنة
Sura 60 of the Qur'an, Al-Mumtahana, has 13 verses.سورة الصف
Sura 61 of the Qur'an, As-Saff, has 14 verses.سورة الجمعة
Sura 62 of the Qur'an, Al-Jumu'a, has 11 verses.سورة المنافقون
Sura 63 of the Qur'an, Al-Munafiqun, has 11 verses.سورة التغابن
Sura 64 of the Qur'an, At-Taghabun, has 18 verses.سورة الطلاق
Sura 65 of the Qur'an, At-Talaq, has 12 verses.سورة التحريم
Sura 66 of the Qur'an, At-Tahrim, has 12 verses.سورة الملك
Sura 67 of the Qur'an, Al-Mulk, has 30 verses.سورة القلم
Sura 68 of the Qur'an, Al-Qalam, has 52 verses.سورة الحاقة
Sura 69 of the Qur'an, Al-Haqqa, has 52 verses.سورة الأعراف
Sura 7 of the Qur'an, Al-A'raf, has 206 verses.سورة المعارج
Sura 70 of the Qur'an, Al-Ma'arij, has 44 verses.سورة نوح
Sura 71 of the Qur'an, Nuh, has 28 verses.سورة الجن
Sura 72 of the Qur'an, Al-Jinn, has 28 verses.سورة المزمل
Sura 73 of the Qur'an, Al-Muzzammil, has 20 verses.سورة المدثر
Sura 74 of the Qur'an, Al-Muddaththir, has 56 verses.سورة القيامة
Sura 75 of the Qur'an, Al-Qiyama, has 40 verses.سورة الإنسان
Sura 76 of the Qur'an, Al-Insan, has 31 verses.سورة المرسلات
Sura 77 of the Qur'an, Al-Mursalat, has 50 verses.سورة النبأ
Sura 78 of the Qur'an, An-Naba, has 40 verses.سورة النازعات
Sura 79 of the Qur'an, An-Nazi'at, has 46 verses.سورة الأنفال
Sura 8 of the Qur'an, Al-Anfal, has 75 verses.سورة عبس
Sura 80 of the Qur'an, Abasa, has 42 verses.سورة التكوير
Sura 81 of the Qur'an, At-Takwir, has 29 verses.سورة الانفطار
Sura 82 of the Qur'an, Al-Infitar, has 19 verses.سورة المطففين
Sura 83 of the Qur'an, Al-Mutaffifin, has 36 verses.سورة الانشقاق
Sura 84 of the Qur'an, Al-Inshiqaq, has 25 verses.سورة البروج
Sura 85 of the Qur'an, Al-Buruj, has 22 verses.سورة الطارق
Sura 86 of the Qur'an, At-Tariq, has 17 verses.سورة الأعلى
Sura 87 of the Qur'an, Al-A'la, has 19 verses.سورة الغاشية
Sura 88 of the Qur'an, Al-Ghashiya, has 26 verses.سورة الفجر
Sura 89 of the Qur'an, Al-Fajr, has 30 verses.سورة التوبة
Sura 9 of the Qur'an, At-Tawba, has 129 verses.سورة البلد
Sura 90 of the Qur'an, Al-Balad, has 20 verses.سورة الشمس
Sura 91 of the Qur'an, Ash-Shams, has 15 verses.سورة الليل
Sura 92 of the Qur'an, Al-Layl, has 21 verses.سورة الضحى
Sura 93 of the Qur'an, Ad-Duha, has 11 verses.سورة الشرح
Sura 94 of the Qur'an, Ash-Sharh, has 8 verses.سورة التين
Sura 95 of the Qur'an, At-Tin, has 8 verses.سورة العلق
Sura 96 of the Qur'an, Al-Alaq, has 19 verses.سورة القدر
Sura 97 of the Qur'an, Al-Qadr, has 5 verses.سورة البينة
Sura 98 of the Qur'an, Al-Bayyina, has 8 verses.سورة الزلزلة
Sura 99 of the Qur'an, Az-Zalzala, has 8 verses.
سوال
کیا چیز غائب ہے؟ ہمیں بتائیں · موضوع اس وقت کھلتا ہے جب اس کی جائزہ شدہ رہنمائی، 10 سوالات، 5 اقسام میں 25 اندراجات، اور کئی روایات اور خطوں کی آوازیں ہوں۔